Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
New Phytol. 2024 Jun;242(6):2401-2410. doi: 10.1111/nph.19697. Epub 2024 Mar 17.
The rhizosphere microbiome plays critical roles in plant growth and provides promising solutions for sustainable agriculture. While the rhizosphere microbiome frequently fluctuates with the soil environment, recent studies have demonstrated that a small proportion of the microbiome is consistently assembled in the rhizosphere of a specific plant genotype regardless of the soil condition, which is determined by host genetics. Based on these breakthroughs, which involved exploiting the plant-beneficial function of the rhizosphere microbiome, we propose to divide the rhizosphere microbiome into environment-dominated and plant genetic-dominated components based on their different assembly mechanisms. Subsequently, two strategies to explore the different rhizosphere microbiome components for agricultural production are suggested, that is, the precise management of the environment-dominated rhizosphere microbiome by agronomic practices, and the elucidation of the plant genetic basis of the plant genetic-dominated rhizosphere microbiome for breeding microbiome-assisted crop varieties. We finally present the major challenges that need to be overcome to implement strategies for modulating these two components of the rhizosphere microbiome.
根际微生物组在植物生长中发挥着关键作用，并为可持续农业提供了有前景的解决方案。尽管根际微生物组经常随土壤环境而波动，但最近的研究表明，一小部分微生物组在特定植物基因型的根际中始终保持一致的组装，而不受土壤条件的影响，这是由宿主遗传决定的。基于这些突破，即利用根际微生物组对植物有益的功能，我们建议根据其不同的组装机制，将根际微生物组分为受环境主导和受植物遗传主导的组成部分。随后，我们提出了两种探索不同根际微生物组成分用于农业生产的策略，即通过农业实践精确管理受环境主导的根际微生物组，以及阐明受植物遗传主导的根际微生物组的植物遗传基础，以培育具有微生物辅助功能的作物品种。最后，我们提出了实施调节这两个根际微生物组组成部分的策略所需要克服的主要挑战。
