Rus Mihai Aronel, Leucuța Daniel Corneliu, Briciu Violeta Tincuța, Muntean Monica Iuliana, Filip Vladimir Petru, Ungureanu Raul Florentin, Troancă Ștefan, Avârvarei Denisa, Lupșe Mihaela Sorina
Department of Infectious Diseases, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iuliu Moldovan Street, No. 23, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pasteur Street, No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Microorganisms. 2025 Aug 6;13(8):1836. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13081836.
In this paper we aimed to compare seasonality, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of Influenza A and COVID-19 in the context of influenza reemergence and ongoing Omicron circulation. We performed a retrospective comparative analysis at the Teaching Hospital of Infectious Diseases in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. We included adult patients hospitalized with Influenza A or COVID-19 between 1 November 2022 and 31 March 2024. Data were collected on demographics, clinical presentation, complications, and in-hospital mortality. We included 899 COVID-19 and 423 Influenza A patients. The median age was 74 years for COVID-19 and 65 for Influenza A ( < 0.001). The age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index was higher in COVID-19 patients (5 vs. 3, < 0.001). Despite this age gap, acute respiratory failure was more common in Influenza A (62.8% vs. 55.7%, = 0.014), but ventilation rates did not differ significantly. Multivariate models showed Influenza A was associated with increased risk of intensive-care unit (ICU) admission or ventilation, whereas older COVID-19 patients had higher in-hospital mortality (5.67% vs. 3.3%, = 0.064). Omicron COVID-19 disproportionately affected older patients with comorbidities, contributing to higher in-hospital mortality. However, Influenza A remained a significant driver of respiratory failure and ICU admission, underscoring the importance of preventive measures in high-risk groups.
在本文中，我们旨在比较甲型流感和新冠病毒感染在流感再次出现以及奥密克戎毒株持续传播背景下的季节性、临床特征及结局。我们在罗马尼亚克卢日-纳波卡传染病教学医院进行了一项回顾性对比分析。纳入了2022年11月1日至2024年3月31日期间因甲型流感或新冠病毒感染住院的成年患者。收集了人口统计学、临床表现、并发症及院内死亡率等数据。我们纳入了899例新冠病毒感染患者和423例甲型流感患者。新冠病毒感染患者的中位年龄为74岁，甲型流感患者为65岁（<0.001）。新冠病毒感染患者的年龄调整后查尔森合并症指数更高（5比3，<0.001）。尽管存在年龄差距，但急性呼吸衰竭在甲型流感中更为常见（62.8%对55.7%，P = 0.014），但通气率无显著差异。多变量模型显示，甲型流感与重症监护病房（ICU）收治或通气风险增加相关，而老年新冠病毒感染患者的院内死亡率更高（5.67%对3.3%，P = 0.064）。奥密克戎毒株感染的新冠病毒感染对合并症老年患者影响尤为严重，导致更高的院内死亡率。然而，甲型流感仍然是呼吸衰竭和ICU收治的重要驱动因素，凸显了高危人群预防措施的重要性。
