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幼儿感染新冠病毒后肠道微生物群的改变及预测的免疫失调

Altered Gut Microbiota and Predicted Immune Dysregulation in Early Childhood SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

作者信息

Kim Dong Hyun, Kwak Byung Ok, Cho Ky Young

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, Inha University College of Medicine, 27, Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea.

Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, 1 Singil-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea.

出版信息

Microorganisms. 2025 Aug 12;13(8):1879. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13081879.

DOI:10.3390/microorganisms13081879
PMID:40871383
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12388501/
Abstract

The gut microbiome plays a key role in immune regulation. Young children experience rapid microbiome development, yet data on its alteration during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remain limited. This study aimed to characterize gut microbiome changes and immune-related pathway alterations in young children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Eighteen children under 2 years old with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and seven healthy controls were enrolled between December 2021 and June 2022. Stool samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In children with COVID-19, the gut microbiome exhibited an increase in Bacteroidota and Bacillota, whereas Actinomycetota and Pseudomonadota were reduced, with higher abundances of , , and and lower abundances of , , and compared with healthy controls. Children with COVID-19 exhibited reduced alpha diversity, indicating microbial dysbiosis, and significant differences in beta diversity compared with healthy controls. Predictive functional analysis revealed downregulation of key immune-related pathways, such as interleukin-17, NOD-like receptor, and Toll-like signaling, which may impact mucosal immunity and viral clearance in children with COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection in early childhood is associated with gut dysbiosis and the suppression of key immune pathways. These findings highlight the potential long-term impact of early-life microbial disruptions on immune development.

摘要

肠道微生物群在免疫调节中起关键作用。幼儿经历快速的微生物群发育，但关于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染期间其变化的数据仍然有限。本研究旨在描述2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）幼儿的肠道微生物群变化和免疫相关途径改变。2021年12月至2022年6月期间，纳入了18名确诊SARS-CoV-2感染的2岁以下儿童和7名健康对照。使用16S rRNA基因测序分析粪便样本。在COVID-19患儿中，肠道微生物群显示拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门增加，而放线菌门和假单胞菌门减少，与健康对照相比， 、 和 的丰度更高，而 、 和 的丰度更低。COVID-19患儿的α多样性降低，表明微生物群落失调，与健康对照相比，β多样性存在显著差异。预测功能分析显示关键免疫相关途径下调，如白细胞介素-17、NOD样受体和Toll样信号传导，这可能影响COVID-19患儿的黏膜免疫和病毒清除。幼儿期的SARS-CoV-2感染与肠道菌群失调和关键免疫途径的抑制有关。这些发现突出了生命早期微生物破坏对免疫发育的潜在长期影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/419558b8e5cd/microorganisms-13-01879-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/c913dc227098/microorganisms-13-01879-g001a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/6c94a70a8cb4/microorganisms-13-01879-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/4d61dc115dca/microorganisms-13-01879-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/4457a2a4f0f3/microorganisms-13-01879-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/419558b8e5cd/microorganisms-13-01879-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/c913dc227098/microorganisms-13-01879-g001a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/6c94a70a8cb4/microorganisms-13-01879-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/4d61dc115dca/microorganisms-13-01879-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/4457a2a4f0f3/microorganisms-13-01879-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/350c/12388501/419558b8e5cd/microorganisms-13-01879-g005.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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新冠疫情期间儿童的肠道微生物群
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