镍催化芳基卤化物的氰化反应。

Nickel-Catalyzed Cyanation of Aryl Halides.

作者信息

Ma Zhenqiang, Huo Cuimeng, Zhou Duo, Zhang Jingyi, Kong Hongjun, Ren Wenke, Qu Fengbo, Liu Tingting, Chen Hui, Wang Xilong

机构信息

Henan Province Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.

College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.

出版信息

Molecules. 2025 Aug 20;30(16):3440. doi: 10.3390/molecules30163440.

DOI:10.3390/molecules30163440

PMID:40871592

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12388440/

Abstract

Nickel-catalyzed cyanation of aryl halides has emerged as a powerful and sustainable method for the synthesis of aryl nitriles-valuable motifs widely found in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional materials. Compared to traditional cyanation methods that involve harsh conditions and toxic reagents, nickel catalysis enables mild, efficient, and versatile transformations. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in this field, categorized by different cyanide sources, including metal cyanides (NaCN, KCN, Zn(CN), K[Fe(CN)]) and non-metal or organic cyanide sources (e.g., MeCN, nitriles, BrCN, CO/NH). Key developments in catalyst systems, ligand design, mechanistic insights, and green chemistry aspects are highlighted. Remaining challenges and future directions are also discussed.

摘要

镍催化芳基卤化物的氰化反应已成为一种强大且可持续的合成芳腈的方法，芳腈是广泛存在于药物、农用化学品和功能材料中的重要结构单元。与涉及苛刻条件和有毒试剂的传统氰化方法相比，镍催化能够实现温和、高效且通用的转化。本综述系统地总结了该领域的最新进展，按不同氰化物来源进行分类，包括金属氰化物（NaCN、KCN、Zn(CN)₂、K₄[Fe(CN)₆]）和非金属或有机氰化物来源（如MeCN、腈、BrCN、CO/NH₃）。重点介绍了催化剂体系、配体设计、机理见解和绿色化学方面的关键进展。还讨论了 remaining challenges 和未来方向。（注：原文中“remaining challenges”未翻译完整，可能是有遗漏信息，这里按原文保留）