Lai Kuan-Ming, Huang Yen-Hua, Lien Yi, Huang Cheng-Yang
Hemato Oncology Division Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Aug 19;14(16):2579. doi: 10.3390/plants14162579.
Carnivorous plants have garnered attention as sources of pharmacologically active compounds, yet their floral tissues remain largely underexplored. In this study, we investigated the bioactive properties of flower extracts prepared using water, methanol, ethanol, and acetone. Among these, the ethanol extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content (18.2 mg GAE/g), flavonoid content (68.9 mg QUE/g), and antioxidant activity (DPPH IC = 66.9 μg/mL), along with strong antibacterial effects against and . Cosmetically relevant enzyme inhibition assays revealed significant activity against tyrosinase (IC = 48.58 μg/mL), elastase (IC = 1.77 μg/mL), and hyaluronidase (IC = 7.33 μg/mL), supporting its potential as an anti-skin aging agent. For antidiabetic evaluation, the ethanol extract demonstrated potent α-glucosidase inhibition (IC = 24.53 μg/mL), outperforming standard inhibitors such as acarbose and quercetin. The extract also displayed marked cytotoxicity against A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells (IC = 90.61 μg/mL), inducing dose-dependent apoptosis, inhibiting cell migration and colony formation, and causing significant DNA damage as shown by comet assay. Furthermore, the ethanol extract strongly inhibited the activity of purified human dihydroorotase (IC = 25.11 μg/mL), indicating that disruption of pyrimidine biosynthesis may underlie its anticancer activity. Overall, this study provides the first characterization of flower extracts, particularly the ethanol fraction, as a promising source of multifunctional bioactive compounds with possible applications in cosmetics, antidiabetic therapy, and cancer treatment.
食肉植物作为具有药理活性化合物的来源已受到关注，但其花组织在很大程度上仍未得到充分研究。在本研究中，我们调查了用水、甲醇、乙醇和丙酮制备的花提取物的生物活性特性。其中，乙醇提取物表现出最高的总酚含量（18.2毫克没食子酸当量/克）、黄酮含量（68.9毫克槲皮素当量/克）和抗氧化活性（DPPH半数抑制浓度=66.9微克/毫升），同时对[具体细菌1]和[具体细菌2]具有很强的抗菌作用。与化妆品相关的酶抑制试验表明，其对酪氨酸酶（半数抑制浓度=48.58微克/毫升）、弹性蛋白酶（半数抑制浓度=1.77微克/毫升）和透明质酸酶（半数抑制浓度=7.33微克/毫升）具有显著活性，支持其作为抗皮肤老化剂的潜力。对于抗糖尿病评估，乙醇提取物表现出强大的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用（半数抑制浓度=24.53微克/毫升），优于阿卡波糖和槲皮素等标准抑制剂。该提取物还对A431表皮样癌细胞表现出明显的细胞毒性（半数抑制浓度=90.61微克/毫升），诱导剂量依赖性凋亡，抑制细胞迁移和集落形成，并如彗星试验所示导致显著的DNA损伤。此外，乙醇提取物强烈抑制纯化的人二氢乳清酸酶的活性（半数抑制浓度=25.11微克/毫升），表明嘧啶生物合成的破坏可能是其抗癌活性的基础。总体而言，本研究首次对[植物名称]花提取物进行了表征，特别是乙醇部分，它是一种有前景的多功能生物活性化合物来源，可能在化妆品、抗糖尿病治疗和癌症治疗中具有应用价值。
