Belitibo Dereilo Bekere, Meressa Asfaw, Negassa Temesgen, Abebe Abiy, Degu Sileshi, Endale Milkyas, Assamo Frehiwot Teka, Ayana Temesgen Abdisa, Gurmessa Getahun Tadesse, Abdissa Negera
Traditional and Modern Medicine Research and Development Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Jun 26;16:1529854. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1529854. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND: Plants like and have been traditionally used to treat ailments such as fevers, asthma, high blood pressure, infections, stomachaches, skin rashes, for their blood-cleansing and anti-venom properties. Despite their traditional use, limited scientific studies have explored their pharmacological potential, particularly their antimicrobial and anticancer properties. PURPOSE: This study evaluated antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of methanolic extracts from (root, stem, and leaf) and (root, stem). METHODS: and samples were defatted using -hexane and subsequently macerated in methanol to obtain crude extracts. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using agar well diffusion and micro-broth dilution methods, while cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was evaluated using the MTT assay. Quantitative analyses of total phenolic and flavonoid contents were carried out using standard spectrophotometric assays. RESULTS: Both plant extracts showed strong antibacterial activity, with MIC values ranging from 0.195 to 3.125 mg/mL against all tested strains. , and were especially susceptible, with MICs as low as 0.195 mg/mL for root and stem and root extracts. The root extract also exhibited antifungal activity against (inhibition zone 20.67 mm). The root extract of showed the highest cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC = 0.67 μg/mL), outperforming doxorubicin (IC = 3.43 μg/mL). CONCLUSION: The methanolic extracts of both plants exhibited significant antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities. Notably, the root extracts of both and , along with the stem extract of , demonstrated strong antibacterial effects. The root extract of showed remarkable cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC = 0.67 μg/mL), outperforming the standard chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin. These findings highlight its potential as a promising lead for anticancer drug development. Further studies are warranted to isolate the active constituents and confirm their therapeutic efficacy through investigations and clinical trials.
背景：像[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]这样的植物传统上被用于治疗诸如发烧、哮喘、高血压、感染、胃痛、皮疹等疾病，因其具有净化血液和抗毒特性。尽管它们有传统用途，但对其药理潜力，特别是抗菌和抗癌特性的科学研究有限。 目的：本研究评估了[植物名称1]（根、茎和叶）和[植物名称2]（根、茎）甲醇提取物的抗菌和细胞毒性活性。 方法：[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]样品用正己烷脱脂，随后在甲醇中浸渍以获得粗提取物。采用琼脂孔扩散法和微量肉汤稀释法评估抗菌活性，同时使用MTT法评估对MCF - 7乳腺癌细胞系的细胞毒性。使用标准分光光度法对总酚和黄酮含量进行定量分析。 结果：两种植物提取物均表现出较强的抗菌活性，对所有测试菌株的MIC值范围为0.195至3.125mg/mL。[细菌名称1]、[细菌名称2]和[细菌名称3]特别敏感，[植物名称1]根和茎提取物以及[植物名称2]根提取物的MIC低至0.195mg/mL。[植物名称1]根提取物对[真菌名称]也表现出抗真菌活性（抑菌圈20.67mm）。[植物名称2]根提取物对MCF - 7乳腺癌细胞表现出最高的细胞毒性（IC = 0.67μg/mL），优于阿霉素（IC = 3.43μg/mL）。 结论：两种植物的甲醇提取物均表现出显著的抗菌、抗真菌和细胞毒性活性。值得注意的是，[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]的根提取物以及[植物名称1]的茎提取物表现出较强的抗菌作用。[植物名称2]根提取物对MCF - 7乳腺癌细胞表现出显著的细胞毒性（IC = 0.67μg/mL），优于标准化疗药物阿霉素。这些发现突出了其作为抗癌药物开发潜在先导物的潜力。有必要进一步研究分离活性成分，并通过体内研究和临床试验确认其治疗效果。
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