Szemraj Magdalena, Piechota Małgorzata, Olszowiec Kamila, Wicha Jolanta, Pruss Agata, Sienkiewicz Monika, Witeska Małgorzata, Szweda Piotr, Kot Barbara
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Microbiological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Łódź, Poland.
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Siedlce, 14 Bolesława Prusa Str., 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
Pathogens. 2025 Jul 24;14(8):731. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14080731.
Infections caused by are increasing worldwide. We evaluated the antibiotic resistance profile, biofilm production, and the frequency of 12 genes encoding carbapenemases and 13 virulence factors in 90 isolates from patients of three hospitals in various regions of Poland. Antibiotic resistance survey was performed using the disc-diffusion method, genes encoding resistance to carbapenems and virulence factors were detected with PCR, and biofilm formation was tested using microtiter plates. A total of 52.2% of isolates were resistant to all tested antibiotic groups (penicillins with β-lactamase inhibitors, cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole). Among the genes encoding carbapenem resistance, the (68.9%), (83.3%), and ISAba- (18.9%) were detected. The , and genes responsible for biofilm formation, adhesion, and stress response, respectively, occurred in all isolates. Genes responsible for the production of other adhesins (-94.4%, -4.4%, -37.7%), biofilm formation (-90.0%), production of siderophore (-97.7%), toxins (-92.2%, -1.1%), glycoconjugates (-84.4%), and inducing host cell death (-71.1%, -93.3%) were also found. A total of 68.8% of isolates produced biofilm. The isolates from Masovia had more virulence genes than isolates from the other regions; moreover, all isolates from Masovia and West Pomerania were multidrug-resistant (MDR), including resistance to carbapenems.
由[未提及具体病菌名称]引起的感染在全球范围内不断增加。我们评估了来自波兰不同地区三家医院患者的90株分离菌的抗生素耐药谱、生物膜形成情况，以及12种碳青霉烯酶编码基因和13种毒力因子的频率。采用纸片扩散法进行抗生素耐药性检测，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测碳青霉烯类耐药基因和毒力因子，使用微量滴定板检测生物膜形成情况。共有52.2%的分离菌对所有测试抗生素类别（含β-内酰胺酶抑制剂的青霉素类、头孢菌素类、碳青霉烯类、氨基糖苷类、氟喹诺酮类以及甲氧苄啶加磺胺甲恶唑）耐药。在编码碳青霉烯耐药的基因中，检测到了[未提及具体基因名称1]（68.9%）、[未提及具体基因名称2]（83.3%）和ISAba-[未提及具体基因名称3]（18.9%）。分别负责生物膜形成、黏附及应激反应的[未提及具体基因名称4]、[未提及具体基因名称5]和[未提及具体基因名称6]基因在所有分离菌中均有出现。还发现了负责其他黏附素产生（[未提及具体基因名称7]-94.4%、[未提及具体基因名称8]-4.4%、[未提及具体基因名称9]-37.7%）、生物膜形成（[未提及具体基因名称10]-90.0%）、铁载体产生（[未提及具体基因名称11]-97.7%）、毒素（[未提及具体基因名称12]-92.2%、[未提及具体基因名称13]-1.1%）、糖缀合物（[未提及具体基因名称14]-84.4%）以及诱导宿主细胞死亡（[未提及具体基因名称15]-71.1%、[未提及具体基因名称16]-93.3%）的基因。共有68.8%的分离菌产生生物膜。马佐夫舍省的分离菌比其他地区的分离菌具有更多的毒力基因；此外，马佐夫舍省和西波美拉尼亚省的所有分离菌均为多重耐药（MDR），包括对碳青霉烯类耐药。
