Sviben Mario, Barbić Klara, Bogdanić Maja, Reicher Ema, Glavaš Sara, Navolan Dan, Sanković Ana, Meštrović Tomislav, Mlinarić Ivan, Vlădăreanu Simona, Vlădăreanu Radu, Vilibić-Čavlek Tatjana
Department of Parasitology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Pathogens. 2025 Aug 8;14(8):796. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14080796.
Childbearing-aged and pregnant women represent a risk group for infection due to possible transplacental transmission resulting in congenital toxoplasmosis. We analyzed the seroepidemiological trends of toxoplasmosis in Croatia over ten years (2015-2024). A total of 2791 childbearing-aged and pregnant women were included. -specific IgM/IgG antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked fluorescence assay. Samples with positive IgM and IgG antibodies were tested for IgG avidity. IgG antibodies were detected in 695 (24.9%) participants, while acute toxoplasmosis (IgM antibodies and low avidity IgG antibodies) was confirmed in 32 (1.2%) of participants. The IgG seroprevalence showed a declining trend over the years. Residents of suburban/rural areas were more often seropositive than those in urban areas (31.4 vs. 22.3%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that year of testing, age, and settlement were associated with the risk of seropositivity. For each later calendar year, the log odds of being IgG-positive decreased, while for each additional year of age, the log odds increased. Residence in an urban area was associated with lower log odds. The region was not a significant predictor in the logistic regression. The differences in seropositivity observed across regions can be mainly attributed to Pannonian Croatia, which showed significantly higher odds of IgG seropositivity. Data about the toxoplasma serological status is useful for planning prevention campaigns.
育龄妇女和孕妇由于可能发生经胎盘传播导致先天性弓形虫病，因而属于感染风险群体。我们分析了克罗地亚十年间（2015 - 2024年）弓形虫病的血清流行病学趋势。总共纳入了2791名育龄妇女和孕妇。使用酶联荧光测定法检测特异性IgM/IgG抗体。对IgM和IgG抗体呈阳性的样本进行IgG亲和力检测。695名（24.9%）参与者检测到IgG抗体，而32名（1.2%）参与者确诊为急性弓形虫病（IgM抗体和低亲和力IgG抗体）。多年来，IgG血清阳性率呈下降趋势。郊区/农村地区居民的血清阳性率高于城市地区居民（31.4%对22.3%）。逻辑回归分析显示，检测年份、年龄和居住地与血清阳性风险相关。对于每一个更晚的日历年，IgG呈阳性的对数几率下降，而每增加一岁，对数几率增加。居住在城市地区与较低的对数几率相关。在逻辑回归中，地区不是一个显著的预测因素。各地区观察到的血清阳性差异主要归因于克罗地亚潘诺尼亚地区，该地区IgG血清阳性几率显著更高。有关弓形虫血清学状态的数据有助于规划预防活动。
