Skarlatoudi Theodora, Anagnostou Glykeria-Myrto, Theodorakis Vasileios, Bosnea Loulouda, Mataragas Marios
Department of Dairy Research, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization "DIMITRA", Katsikas, 45221 Ioannina, Greece.
General Agricultural Cooperative of Ioannina "Farmers' Union", Krya, 45500 Ioannina, Greece.
Vet Sci. 2025 Aug 8;12(8):744. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12080744.
The objective of this work was to deliver a comprehensive genetic characterization of a collection of strains isolated from raw sheep milk. To complete our purpose, the technique of whole-genome sequencing, coupled with bioinformatics and phenotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance, was performed. These Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacteria belong to the family , together with other intestinal pathogens, such as spp. and spp. Genetic analysis was carried out on all strains (phylogram, sequence types, VFs, AMR genes, and pangenome). The results showed the presence of various genetic traits that are related to virulence factors contributing to their pathogenic potential. In addition, genes conferring resistance to antibiotics were also detected and confirmed using phenotypic tests. Finally, the genome of the strains was characterized by the presence of several mobile genetic elements, thus facilitating the exchange of various genetic elements, associated with virulence and antimicrobial resistance, within and beyond the species, through horizontal gene transfer. Contaminated raw sheep milk with pathogenic strains is particularly alarming for cheese production in artisan dairies.
这项工作的目的是对从生羊乳中分离出的一组菌株进行全面的基因特征分析。为实现我们的目标，采用了全基因组测序技术，并结合生物信息学以及抗菌药物耐药性的表型特征分析。这些革兰氏阴性兼性厌氧菌与其他肠道病原体（如 spp. 和 spp.）同属 科。对所有菌株进行了遗传分析（系统发育树、序列类型、毒力因子、抗菌药物耐药基因和泛基因组）。结果显示存在各种与毒力因子相关的遗传特征，这些毒力因子有助于其致病潜力。此外，还检测到了赋予抗生素抗性的基因，并通过表型试验进行了确认。最后，这些菌株的基因组特征是存在多个可移动遗传元件，从而通过水平基因转移促进了与毒力和抗菌药物耐药性相关的各种遗传元件在种内和种间的交换。含有致病性 菌株的受污染生羊乳对于手工乳制品厂的奶酪生产尤为令人担忧。
