Ding Yushan, Liu Jiameng, Sabir Jamal S M, Cui Xinyuan, Shen Xuejuan, Hajrah Nahid H, Ahmed Mohamed M M, Sabir Meshaal J, Al-Zogabi Onaizan Godian, Irwin David M, Shen Yongyi
State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Guangzhou Zoo & Guangzhou Wildlife Research Center, Guangzhou 510070, China.
Viruses. 2025 Aug 13;17(8):1114. doi: 10.3390/v17081114.
SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are two coronaviruses that have received significant attention due to their high pathogenicity and mortality rates in human populations. In this study, we compared their evolutionary dynamics to provide a One Health perspective on their differences in terms of the results of disease control. The phylogenetic network of SARS-CoVs showed that human isolates gathered into a "super-spreader" cluster and were distinct from civet isolates. In contrast, dromedary camel- and human-isolated MERS-CoVs were clustered together. Thus, most clades of MERS-CoV can infect humans, and MERS-CoVs seem to more easily spill over the animal-to-human interface. Additionally, the civet can be easily controlled, while the intermediate host (dromedary camels) of MERS-CoV is an important livestock species, so it is impossible to eliminate all animals. This further leads to difficulties in disease control in MERS. Although MERS-CoVs are endemic to dromedary camels in both the Middle East and Africa, human infections are mainly linked to the Middle East. The nucleotide sequences of the MERS-CoV receptor gen (dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4)) from 30 Egyptians, 36 Sudanese, and 34 Saudi Arabians showed little difference. These findings suggest that the observed disparities in MERS prevalence between populations in the Middle East and Africa may be more strongly attributed to inadequate disease surveillance and the limited camel-to-human transmission of clade C MERS-CoV in Africa, rather than variations in gene.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）是两种冠状病毒，因其在人群中的高致病性和死亡率而备受关注。在本研究中，我们比较了它们的进化动态，以便从“同一个健康”的角度就疾病控制结果方面的差异提供见解。SARS-CoV的系统发育网络显示，人类分离株聚集形成一个“超级传播者”簇，且与果子狸分离株不同。相比之下，单峰骆驼分离的MERS-CoV和人类分离的MERS-CoV聚集在一起。因此，MERS-CoV的大多数进化枝都能感染人类，而且MERS-CoV似乎更容易跨越动物与人之间的界面传播。此外，果子狸易于控制，而MERS-CoV的中间宿主（单峰骆驼）是一种重要的家畜物种，所以不可能消灭所有动物。这进一步导致中东呼吸综合征疾病控制方面的困难。尽管MERS-CoV在中东和非洲的单峰骆驼中都是地方流行，但人类感染主要与中东有关。来自30名埃及人、36名苏丹人和34名沙特阿拉伯人的MERS-CoV受体基因（二肽基肽酶4（DPP4））的核苷酸序列差异不大。这些发现表明，中东和非洲人群中观察到的中东呼吸综合征流行率差异可能更多地归因于疾病监测不足以及非洲C进化枝MERS-CoV从骆驼到人的传播有限，而非基因变异。
