Endobronchial solitary fibrous tumor: A case report with comprehensive literature review.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE

Endobronchial solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that account for less than 2 % of all SFTs. Diagnosis and treatment are major challenges because of their rarity and varied presentation. We present a case of endobronchial SFT that was successfully treated with minimally invasive bronchoscopic excision and review the literature to highlight the latest developments in diagnosis and treatment.

CASE PRESENTATION

A 45-year-old female was referred for an incidental finding of bronchial lesion on imaging. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a well-defined, noncalcified, obstructive lesion in the left upper lobe bronchus. Flexible bronchoscopy confirmed complete airway obstruction, and the tumor was excised using a hot snare. Histopathological examination revealed a low-risk solitary fibrous tumor with immunohistochemical positivity for CD34 and Bcl-2, confirming SFT. Follow-up imaging and clinical follow-up for three years showed no recurrence.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION

We highlight the relevance of advanced imaging, histopathological examination, and multimodal management for the diagnosis and treatment of endobronchial SFTs. Minimally invasive bronchoscopic excision is a safe and effective treatment modality for localized lesions.

CONCLUSION

This literature review underlines the need for long-term surveillance because of the tendency for malignant transformation. Documenting these infrequent cases improves diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for endobronchial SFTs.