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瑞典青少年社区人群中性与性别少数群体的患病率:性取向的稳定性与流动性

Prevalence of Sexual and Gender Minorities in a Swedish Adolescent Community Population: Stability vs. Fluidity of Sexual Orientation.

作者信息

Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma, Kapetanovic Sabina, Skoog Therése, Askelöf Susanna, Håkansson Anders, Gerdner Arne

机构信息

Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Regional Outpatient Care, Skane University Hospital, Region Skane, Barav. 1, 22239, Lund, Sweden.

出版信息

Arch Sex Behav. 2025 Aug 29. doi: 10.1007/s10508-025-03226-y.

Abstract

This study examined the prevalence, stability, and fluidity of sexual orientation as well as the prevalence of gender discontent. From a community sample (i.e., all adolescents of the age cohort were invited), this study analyzed data from 1513 adolescents (50.5% females), who replied to questions about sexual attraction on at least one of three occasions (age 14: n = 623; age 15: n = 1322; and age 17: n = 949). Sexual orientation was operationalized from the attraction pattern and shifts in that pattern were analyzed longitudinally. Gender discontent was measured only once, at 17 years. Various types of sexual orientation were found, including homo-, bi-, a/non-, and heterosexual (on all three occasions) alongside gender discontent (at age 17). The results revealed the fluidity of sexual orientation during adolescence, including the decrease of nonsexuality from 14 to 17 years in both girls (from 10.2 to 2.1%) and boys (from 9.4 to 3.4%) shifting to stronger sexual attractions, primarily heterosexuality (girls from 69.4 to 74.8%; boys from 83.1 to 88.5%). Bisexuality emerged as more prevalent among girls than boys (18.2 vs. 4.5%). Notably, stability in a homosexual pattern was lower than other sexual orientations, since few remained in that same group from 15 to 17 years old (girls 17.6%, boys 29.4%), suggesting frequent shifts to and from other groups. Gender discontent was endorsed by 1.7% with about the same number of both genders and an array of sexual orientations was shown. These findings emphasize the nuanced developmental trajectories that adolescents navigate while forming their sexual identities.

摘要

本研究调查了性取向的普遍性、稳定性和流动性以及性别不满情绪的普遍性。从一个社区样本(即邀请了该年龄组的所有青少年)中,本研究分析了1513名青少年(50.5%为女性)的数据,这些青少年至少在三个时间点之一(14岁:n = 623;15岁:n = 1322;17岁:n = 949)回答了有关性吸引力的问题。性取向根据吸引力模式进行操作化定义,并对该模式的变化进行纵向分析。性别不满情绪仅在17岁时测量了一次。研究发现了多种性取向类型,包括同性恋、双性恋、无性恋/非性恋和异性恋(在所有三个时间点)以及性别不满情绪(在17岁时)。结果显示了青春期性取向的流动性,包括无性恋在女孩(从10.2%降至2.1%)和男孩(从9.4%降至3.4%)中从14岁到17岁的减少,转向更强的性吸引力,主要是异性恋(女孩从69.4%升至74.8%;男孩从83.1%升至88.5%)。双性恋在女孩中比男孩中更为普遍(18.2%对4.5%)。值得注意的是,同性恋模式的稳定性低于其他性取向,因为从15岁到17岁很少有人仍处于同一群体(女孩17.6%,男孩29.4%),这表明频繁在不同群体之间转换。1.7%的人认可性别不满情绪,男女数量大致相同,且呈现出一系列性取向。这些发现强调了青少年在形成性身份过程中所经历的细微发展轨迹。

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