Vidali Maria, Sousamli Aikaterini, Dourou Panagiota, Deltsidou Anna, Vivilaki Victoria, Sarantaki Antigoni
Midwifery Department, Faculty of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, Egaleo, 12243 Athens, Greece.
Maedica (Bucur). 2025 Jun;20(2):388-413. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2025.20.2.388.
Parenthood without a genetic link, such as in adoption or through assisted reproductive technologies (ART) like oocyte and embryo donation, presents unique challenges for mothers. These challenges include psychological, emotional and social pressures related to maternal identity, bonding and disclosure practices. This systematic review synthesizes existing research on the emotional and psychological experiences of mothers in non-genetic family formations, particularly focusing on how these experiences shape maternal identity and family dynamics. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies on maternal experiences in adoption, oocyte donation and embryo donation were included.ualitative, quantitative and mixed-method studies were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach. Eighteen studies covering maternal experiences across various cultural contexts were included. Key themes identified include maternal identity conflicts, anxiety surrounding disclosure of the child's origins and societal stigma. Despite these challenges, most mothers developed strong emotional bonds with their children. Differences in cultural norms influenced disclosure practices, affecting family cohesion and maternal well-being. The findings highlight the need for psychological support and clear guidance on disclosure for non-genetic mothers. Future research should focus on developing long-term support systems and culturally tailored interventions to improve the psychological well-being of non-genetic mothers.
没有基因联系的亲子关系，例如通过收养或借助辅助生殖技术（ART），如卵母细胞和胚胎捐赠，给母亲带来了独特的挑战。这些挑战包括与母亲身份、情感联结和信息披露做法相关的心理、情感和社会压力。本系统综述综合了关于非基因家庭组建中母亲情感和心理体验的现有研究，特别关注这些体验如何塑造母亲身份和家庭动态。按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，使用PubMed、Scopus、谷歌学术和科学网进行了全面的文献检索。纳入了关于收养、卵母细胞捐赠和胚胎捐赠中母亲体验的研究。采用叙述性综合方法对定性、定量和混合方法研究进行了分析。纳入了18项涵盖不同文化背景下母亲体验的研究。确定的关键主题包括母亲身份冲突、围绕孩子身世披露的焦虑以及社会污名。尽管存在这些挑战，大多数母亲与孩子建立了牢固的情感联结。文化规范的差异影响了信息披露做法，进而影响家庭凝聚力和母亲幸福感。研究结果凸显了为非基因母亲提供心理支持和关于信息披露的明确指导的必要性。未来的研究应侧重于开发长期支持系统和针对不同文化的干预措施，以改善非基因母亲的心理健康。
