Chen Tianyi, Xiong Yanxuan, Zhang Jinhong, Zhang Qiue, Wu Jiang, Xu Nan, Liu Tang
Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Innovative Genomics Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Aug 29;11(1):178. doi: 10.1038/s41522-025-00771-1.
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms pose severe threats to aquatic ecosystems. Bloom-forming cyanobacteria form cyanobacterial aggregates (CAs) that create a phycosphere supporting diverse microbial interactions. Here, longitudinal metagenomics and metatranscriptomics were employed to explore the temporal variation of CA-attached viral communities throughout cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Taihu. Viral communities, represented by 5613 viral operational taxonomic units, showed increased relative abundance (RPKM) with the expansion of bloom areas. Among 1791 virus‒host linkages, host shifts followed the succession of two dominant cyanobacterial genera, Microcystis and Dolichospermum. Viruses demonstrated high virus‒host abundance ratios within all host genera and showed elevated transcriptional activities infecting Dolichospermum during the late bloom stage. Viruses featured high microdiversity and positively selected replication-associated genes in response to abundant host genera and variable trophic status. This study uncovered diverse active viral auxiliary metabolism associated with photosynthesis, biochemical cycling, and DNA biosynthesis, and highlighted the significant role of phycosphere-associated viruses during cyanobacterial blooms.
有害蓝藻水华对水生生态系统构成严重威胁。形成水华的蓝藻会形成蓝藻聚集体（CAs），从而形成一个支持多种微生物相互作用的藻际环境。在此，我们采用纵向宏基因组学和宏转录组学方法，探究了太湖蓝藻水华期间附着在蓝藻聚集体上的病毒群落的时间变化。以5613个病毒操作分类单元为代表的病毒群落，其相对丰度（每百万映射读取中来自某一基因每千碱基长度的读取数，RPKM）随着水华面积的扩大而增加。在1791个病毒-宿主关联中，宿主转移遵循了微囊藻属和念珠藻属这两个优势蓝藻属的演替过程。病毒在所有宿主属中均表现出较高的病毒-宿主丰度比，并且在水华后期感染念珠藻属时显示出较高的转录活性。病毒具有高度的微观多样性，并针对丰富的宿主属和变化的营养状态对与复制相关的基因进行了正选择。本研究揭示了与光合作用、生化循环和DNA生物合成相关的多种活跃的病毒辅助代谢，并强调了藻际相关病毒在蓝藻水华期间的重要作用。
