临床高危青少年精神病的精神科前驱因素:来自“帕尔马高危精神状态”随访项目的见解

Psychiatric Antecedents in Adolescents at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: Insights from the "Parma At-Risk Mental States" Follow-up Program.

作者信息

Pelizza Lorenzo, Catalano Fabio, Leuci Emanuela, Quattrone Emanuela, Palmisano Derna, Pupo Simona, Paulillo Giuseppina, Pellegrini Clara, Pellegrini Pietro, Menchetti Marco

机构信息

Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna (BO), Italy.

Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL di Parma, Parma (PR), Italy.

出版信息

Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2025 Aug 30. doi: 10.1007/s10802-025-01368-0.

Abstract

Exploring psychiatric antecedents in youths at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) could help understand determinants for early detection and timely care pathways, consequently improving outcomes and prognosis. The aims of this investigation were: (1) to examine the proportion of CHR-P individuals with past contact with mental healthcare services enrolled within a specialized CHR-P service, and (2) to longitudinally compare sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment parameters between CHR-P subjects with and without psychiatric antecedents across 2 years of follow-up. All participants (aged 12-25 years) were recruited within the "Parma At Risk Mental States" (PARMS) program. Across the follow-up, they completed the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS) and the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A mixed-design ANOVA and a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were also used. Of the 170 CHR-P subjects, 95 (55.9%) had previous contact with mental health services. In 85.2% of cases, a care discontinuity was observed. Main psychiatric antecedents were learning disorders (7.4%), anxiety disorder (23.1%), conduct disorder (22.1%), and depressive disorder (14.7%). CHR-P youths with psychiatric antecedents had longer duration of untreated psychosis and a higher 2-year incidence rate of psychosis transition. Having previous contact with psychiatric services also resulted to be a associated with poorer social functioning over time. Carefully monitor mental health suffering and related help-seeking-behavior in youths typically manifested in their early 20's is crucial, also in terms of psychosis prevention. Moreover, special attention should be given to service engagement as care continuity within adolescent-adult transition.

摘要

探索临床高危精神病性障碍(CHR-P)青年的精神疾病既往史,有助于理解早期发现和及时治疗途径的决定因素,从而改善治疗结果和预后。本研究的目的是:(1)调查在专门的CHR-P服务机构登记的有精神卫生保健服务既往接触史的CHR-P个体比例;(2)纵向比较随访2年期间有和没有精神疾病既往史的CHR-P受试者的社会人口学、临床和治疗参数。所有参与者(年龄在12 - 25岁之间)均在“帕尔马精神状态高危”(PARMS)项目中招募。在随访期间,他们完成了国民健康结果量表(HoNOS)和阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)。还采用了混合设计方差分析和Kaplan-Meier生存分析。在170名CHR-P受试者中,95名(55.9%)曾有过精神卫生服务接触史。在85.2%的病例中,观察到治疗中断。主要的精神疾病既往史包括学习障碍(7.4%)、焦虑症(23.1%)、品行障碍(22.1%)和抑郁症(14.7%)。有精神疾病既往史的CHR-P青年未治疗精神病的持续时间更长,精神病转变的2年发病率更高。随着时间推移,曾有过精神科服务接触史也与较差的社会功能相关。仔细监测通常在20岁出头出现的青年心理健康问题及相关求助行为至关重要,在预防精神病方面也是如此。此外,在青少年到成人的过渡阶段,应特别关注服务参与情况,以确保治疗的连续性。

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