Kapoor Sanya, Kouznetsova Valentina L, Kesari Santosh, Tsigelny Igor F
Scholars Program, CureScience Institute, San Diego, CA, USA.
San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
J Mol Neurosci. 2025 Aug 31;75(3):112. doi: 10.1007/s12031-025-02402-y.
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents one of the most aggressive brain tumors with a poor prognosis despite decades of research. Epigenetic regulation has emerged as a promising strategy for managing aggressive cancers, such as GBM, by modulating pro-tumorigenic gene expression. The role of pro-tumorigenic genes, such as oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (OLIG2), has been heavily associated with cancer progression and treatment resistance and is a potential target for GBM. The objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of various epigenetic regulators, including histone modifiers, DNA methylases, chromatin remodelers, and miRNAs, on OLIG2 expression, including the effectiveness of individual epigenetic regulators and their combinations. The effects of epigenetic regulators in GBM that are found in the literature were reviewed for their survival and co-expression with OLIG2. We found that KDM6B, BRG1, DNMT1, and HDAC2 were associated with significant co-expression with OLIG2 and decreased survival in GBM patients, reinforcing their suitability as targets. Additionally, miR-17-3p miRNAs associated with silencing OLIG2 as gene expression was downregulated in GBM. Additionally, this paper highlights the potential of combination therapies targeting multiple epigenetic pathways simultaneously. A kinase inhibitor (alisertib), together with JQ1, reduced the tumor growth of GBM cells in vivo more than either treatment alone, making combination therapies a promising solution.
胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是最具侵袭性的脑肿瘤之一,尽管经过数十年研究,其预后仍然很差。表观遗传调控已成为一种有前景的策略,通过调节促肿瘤基因表达来治疗GBM等侵袭性癌症。促肿瘤基因如少突胶质细胞转录因子2(OLIG2)的作用与癌症进展和治疗耐药性密切相关,是GBM的一个潜在靶点。本研究的目的是分析各种表观遗传调节剂,包括组蛋白修饰剂、DNA甲基化酶、染色质重塑剂和微小RNA(miRNA)对OLIG2表达的影响,包括单个表观遗传调节剂及其组合的效果。对文献中发现的GBM表观遗传调节剂的生存情况及其与OLIG2的共表达情况进行了综述。我们发现,赖氨酸特异性去甲基化酶6B(KDM6B)、BRG1、DNA甲基转移酶1(DNMT1)和组蛋白去乙酰化酶2(HDAC2)与OLIG2显著共表达,且GBM患者生存率降低,这进一步证明它们适合作为靶点。此外,在GBM中,与OLIG2基因表达沉默相关的miR-17-3p微小RNA表达下调。此外,本文强调了同时靶向多种表观遗传途径的联合疗法的潜力。一种激酶抑制剂(阿利西替尼)与JQ1联合使用,比单独使用任何一种治疗方法都能更有效地降低GBM细胞在体内的肿瘤生长,使联合疗法成为一种有前景的解决方案。
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