用体育活动取代久坐行为可减轻焦虑和抑郁症状：一项针对年轻人的研究。

Replacing sedentary behavior with physical activity reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression: a study with young adults.

作者信息

Barbosa Bruna Carolina Rafael, de Menezes-Júnior Luiz Antônio Alves, Fróis Laudicéia Ferreira, Vidigal Mariana Cassemira Aparecida, de Paula Waléria, Chagas Carolina Martins Dos Santos, Machado Elaine Leandro, Nobre Luciana Neri, de Freitas Eulilian Dias, Vidigal Fernanda de Carvalho, Cardoso Clareci Silva, da Silva Luciana Saraiva, Meireles Adriana Lúcia

机构信息

Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.

Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2025 Aug 30;25(1):2971. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23523-4.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-025-23523-4

PMID:40885938

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12398085/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are movement behaviors that have been associated with mental health. Evidence suggests that replacing SB with PA may influence mental disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing time spent in SB with moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity (VPA) on the symptoms of anxiety and depression among college students.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study used data from a multicenter survey conducted among undergraduate students from eight public universities in Brazil. Data were collected between October 2021 and February 2022 using an online questionnaire sent via email. The outcomes were anxiety and depression symptoms, assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Exposure to SB was evaluated by the total sitting time and PA level, considering the type of exercise, weekly frequency, and duration in minutes. Subsequently, PA was classified according to its intensity. The explanatory variable was adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines, assessed by combining the time spent in SB and PA. Based on this, three groups were formed: (1) complete adherence, (2) partial adherence, and (3) non-adherence. An isotemporal substitution logistic model was used to assess the effects of the different SB, MPA, and VPA periods on mental health.

RESULTS

A total of 8,059 young adults participated in the study, with a mean age of 23.9 years (SD: ± 6.28). Most students reported spending more than 9 h/day in SB (55.09%), and 48.28% were physically inactive. The multivariate analysis revealed an association between non-adherence to movement guidelines and mental health (p < 0.001), showing a dose-response gradient. Students who did not adhere to the guidelines were more likely to have symptoms of anxiety [OR: 1.89 (95% CI: 1.67-2.14)] and depression [OR: 2.49 (95% CI: 2.19-2.82)]. Furthermore, in the isotemporal analysis, replacing SB with equivalent amounts of time in MPA and VPA reduced the odds of mental disorder symptoms in all models evaluated.

CONCLUSION

Replacing SB with equivalent quantities of MPA or VPA reduces the odds of symptoms of anxiety and depression. Therefore, it is essential to develop public policies that encourage increased PA levels and reduced SB in university environments to promote mental health and improve the physical health of students with mental disorder symptoms.

摘要

背景

身体活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）是与心理健康相关的运动行为。有证据表明，用PA替代SB可能会影响精神障碍。本研究旨在评估用中等强度身体活动（MPA）和高强度身体活动（VPA）替代SB时间对大学生焦虑和抑郁症状的影响。

方法

这项横断面研究使用了对巴西八所公立大学本科生进行的多中心调查数据。2021年10月至2022年2月期间，通过电子邮件发送在线问卷收集数据。结局指标为焦虑和抑郁症状，采用抑郁、焦虑和压力量表-21进行评估。通过总久坐时间和PA水平评估SB暴露情况，同时考虑运动类型、每周频率和分钟时长。随后，根据PA强度进行分类。解释变量为对24小时运动指南的依从性，通过结合SB和PA的时间来评估。据此，分为三组：（1）完全依从，（2）部分依从，（3）不依从。采用等时替代逻辑模型评估不同SB、MPA和VPA时间段对心理健康的影响。

结果

共有8059名年轻人参与研究，平均年龄23.9岁（标准差：±6.28）。大多数学生报告每天久坐时间超过9小时（55.09%），48.28%的学生缺乏身体活动。多变量分析显示，不遵守运动指南与心理健康之间存在关联（p<0.001），呈现剂量反应梯度。不遵守指南的学生更有可能出现焦虑症状[比值比：1.89（95%置信区间：1.67-2.14）]和抑郁症状[比值比：2.49（95%置信区间：2.19-2.82）]。此外，在等时分析中，在所有评估模型中，用等量的MPA和VPA时间替代SB可降低精神障碍症状的几率。