Li Ying, Shan Youxia, Zhang Shuting, Zhang Jun, He Junxian, Qu Hongxia, Duan Xuewu, Jiang Yueming
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.
Mol Hortic. 2025 Sep 1;5(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s43897-025-00168-w.
Apyrases are a kind of nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases that catalyze the removal of the terminal phosphate group from nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) or nucleoside diphosphate (NDP). They also function either intracellularly or extracellularly in mediating the NTP/NDP homeostasis critical for plant growth, development, senescence, stress response and adaptation. Initial studies elucidated the biochemistry, structure and function of plant apyrases, while the recent progresses include the crystallography, newly discovered interaction partners and downstream targets for diverse apyrases. Furthermore, these apyrases play diverse roles in horticultural crops with the new recognition of extracellular ATP (eATP) receptors. This review summarized the types, structures, biochemical and physiological functions of plant apyrases and highlighted their roles in plant growth, development, biotic/abiotic stress responses and adaptation. The physiological activities among the apyrases, eATP with its receptor and eATP/iATP homeostasis, were reviewed. In particular, the quality formation / deterioration of postharvest horticultural crops caused by apyrases was emphasized. This paper reviewed the recent advances in the multiple roles of apyrases in horticultural crops and provided insights into the regulation of physiological activities by the enzyme from molecular network perspectives.
腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶是一类核苷三磷酸二磷酸水解酶，可催化从核苷三磷酸（NTP）或核苷二磷酸（NDP）上去除末端磷酸基团。它们还在细胞内或细胞外发挥作用，介导对植物生长、发育、衰老、应激反应和适应至关重要的NTP/NDP稳态。最初的研究阐明了植物腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶的生物化学、结构和功能，而最近的进展包括晶体学、新发现的各种腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶的相互作用伙伴和下游靶点。此外，随着对细胞外ATP（eATP）受体的新认识，这些腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶在园艺作物中发挥着多种作用。本文综述了植物腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶的类型、结构、生化和生理功能，并强调了它们在植物生长、发育、生物/非生物胁迫反应和适应中的作用。综述了腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶、eATP及其受体以及eATP/iATP稳态之间的生理活性。特别强调了腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶引起的采后园艺作物品质形成/劣变。本文综述了腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶在园艺作物中的多种作用的最新进展，并从分子网络角度深入了解了该酶对生理活性的调节。
