Yang Xinya, Hinz Francisca, Wilson P Christopher, Gravesen Caleb, Judy Jonathan D
Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
J Environ Qual. 2025 Sep 1. doi: 10.1002/jeq2.70074.
Public concerns exist over whether land application of biosolids is a pathway of introducing large amounts of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) into terrestrial ecosystems. Ongoing research is investigating a variety of high organic matter (OM) and Al/Fe phases for use as amendments to reduce PFAS leaching from matrices including biosolids. Drinking water treatment residuals (DWTRs) have characteristics (e.g., high OM, oxalate-extractable Al (Alo), and/or oxalate-extractable Fe (Fe) content) linked with PFAS retention and are widely available at low cost. We investigated sorption and desorption of a suite of eight PFAS, including sulfonates and carboxylates varying from C4 to C9, in biosolids amended with Al, Ca, and Fe DWTRs at rates from 2.5% to 10% wt/wt. Three biosolids were used: (1) high OM, low Fe; (2) high OM, high Fe; and (3) low OM, high Al. For all biosolids and DWTRs tested, amendment with 2.5% and 5% DWTR resulted in no significant increase of partition coefficient (Kd) value in sorption for the examined PFAS when compared to controls, and only a few inconsistent significances in desorption. However, at 10% DWTR, significantly increased Kd values were observed in both sorption and desorption in some of the DWTR-treated biosolids, particularly those treated with Al DWTR. These results suggest that DWTRs (especially Al DWTRs) can enhance the retention of PFAS, and that DWTR amendment rate appeared to be more influential on PFAS sorption and desorption than physical characteristics of the DWTRs and biosolids or PFAS properties.
公众担心将生物固体用于土地是否会成为向陆地生态系统中引入大量全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的途径。正在进行的研究正在调查各种高有机质（OM）和铝/铁相，用作改良剂以减少包括生物固体在内的基质中PFAS的浸出。饮用水处理残余物（DWTR）具有与PFAS保留相关的特性（例如，高OM、草酸盐可提取铝（Alo）和/或草酸盐可提取铁（Fe）含量），并且以低成本广泛可得。我们研究了一系列八种PFAS（包括碳链长度从C4到C9的磺酸盐和羧酸盐）在以2.5%至10%重量/重量的比例用铝、钙和铁DWTR改良的生物固体中的吸附和解吸情况。使用了三种生物固体：（1）高OM、低铁；（2）高OM、高铁；以及（3）低OM、高铝。对于所有测试的生物固体和DWTR，与对照相比，用2.5%和5% DWTR改良后，所检测PFAS在吸附中的分配系数（Kd）值没有显著增加，在解吸中只有一些不一致的显著性差异。然而，在10% DWTR时，在一些用DWTR处理的生物固体中，特别是那些用铝DWTR处理的生物固体中，吸附和解吸的Kd值都显著增加。这些结果表明，DWTR（尤其是铝DWTR）可以增强PFAS的保留，并且DWTR的添加率似乎对PFAS的吸附和解吸比DWTR和生物固体的物理特性或PFAS的性质更有影响。
