Rao Deepak A
Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2025 Sep 1. doi: 10.1038/s41584-025-01291-0.
Methods for high-dimensional immune-cell profiling have advanced dramatically in the past decade. Studies of tissue and blood samples from patients with rheumatic diseases have revealed stereotyped features of immune dysregulation in individual diseases and in subsets of patients who share diagnosis of a heterogeneous disease. Translating immunological patterns into clinically implementable, actionable biomarkers has the potential to improve detection and quantification of pathological immune activity and selection of appropriate treatments for autoimmune rheumatic diseases. For example, cytometric features can be used to distinguish the various forms of inflammatory arthritis, stratify subsets of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or subsets of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and predict treatment responses. Cellular immune profiling also enables the identification of specific features of immune dysregulation in individuals with rare, undiagnosed, inflammatory diseases. Several paths might lead to translation of discoveries from broad immune profiling into clinical tests to interrogate immune activation in people with rheumatic diseases.
在过去十年中，高维免疫细胞分析方法取得了显著进展。对风湿性疾病患者的组织和血液样本进行的研究揭示了个别疾病以及诊断为异质性疾病的患者亚组中免疫失调的典型特征。将免疫模式转化为临床可实施、可操作的生物标志物，有可能改善对病理性免疫活动的检测和量化，并为自身免疫性风湿性疾病选择合适的治疗方法。例如，细胞计量学特征可用于区分各种形式的炎性关节炎，对类风湿关节炎患者亚组或系统性红斑狼疮患者亚组进行分层，并预测治疗反应。细胞免疫分析还能够识别患有罕见、未确诊炎性疾病的个体中免疫失调的特定特征。从广泛的免疫分析中发现的成果转化为临床检测以探究风湿性疾病患者的免疫激活，可能有几种途径。
