Cheng Yinlin, Xue Mingyue, Ji Weidong, Li Lin, Yang Yining, Tang Shengsheng, Liu Hongze, Gu Kuiying, Zhou Yi
Department of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Hypertens Res. 2025 Sep 1. doi: 10.1038/s41440-025-02368-9.
Hypertension (HTN), a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases, is linked to ambient air pollution and residential greenness. However, their joint associations remain unclear. This research focuses on assessing the individual and joint associations of ambient air pollution and residential greenness on HTN among Northwestern Chinese adults. In this cross-sectional analysis, 4,214,199 participants in Northwestern China were included. HTN was assessed via standardized assessment protocols. Air pollutant concentrations were estimated via the Space-Time Extra-Trees model, and greenness was assessed through the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Generalized regression models were employed to assess the individual and joint effects of air pollutants and residential greenness on HTN. The prevalence of HTN was 20.43%. The adjusted odd ratio of HTN for each 10 µg/m increase in PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 were 1.571 (95% CI: 1.556-1.585), 1.070 (95% CI: 1.068-1.072), 1.021 (95% CI: 1.020-1.021) and 1.798 (95% CI: 1.770-1.827), each 0.1-unit increase in NDVI were 0.943 (95% CI: 0.940-0.946) respectively. The negative association of residential greenness with HTN appeared to weaken at higher concentrations of air pollutants. Mediation analysis indicated that body mass index (BMI) partially mediated the effects of both air pollutants and NDVI on HTN risk. Our findings reveal that air pollutants are positively correlated with HTN, while residential greenness shows a negative association. However, this negative association is attenuated at higher concentrations of air pollutants. Additionally, the associations of air pollutants and residential greenness with HTN appear partially mediated by BMI.
高血压（HTN）是心血管疾病的主要成因之一，与环境空气污染和居住环境绿化程度相关。然而，它们之间的联合关联尚不清楚。本研究聚焦于评估中国西北成年人环境空气污染和居住环境绿化程度对高血压的单独及联合关联。在这项横断面分析中，纳入了中国西北的4,214,199名参与者。通过标准化评估方案评估高血压。通过时空随机森林模型估算空气污染物浓度，并通过归一化植被指数（NDVI）评估绿化程度。采用广义回归模型评估空气污染物和居住环境绿化程度对高血压的单独及联合影响。高血压患病率为20.43%。PM1、PM2.5、PM10和SO2每增加10 μg/m，高血压的调整比值比分别为1.571（95%CI：1.556 - 1.585）、1.070（95%CI：1.068 - 1.072）、1.021（95%CI：1.020 - 1.021）和1.798（95%CI：1.770 - 1.827），NDVI每增加0.1个单位，分别为0.943（95%CI：0.940 - 0.946）。在空气污染物浓度较高时，居住环境绿化程度与高血压的负相关关系似乎减弱。中介分析表明，体重指数（BMI）部分介导了空气污染物和NDVI对高血压风险的影响。我们的研究结果表明，空气污染物与高血压呈正相关，而居住环境绿化程度呈负相关。然而，在空气污染物浓度较高时，这种负相关关系会减弱。此外，空气污染物和居住环境绿化程度与高血压的关联似乎部分由BMI介导。
