Arefi Farhad, Tavan Asghar, Moradi Seyed Mobin, Daneshi Salman, Farahmandnia Hojjat
Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies inHealth, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
BMC Emerg Med. 2025 Sep 1;25(1):174. doi: 10.1186/s12873-025-01339-0.
Floods, due to their extensive direct and indirect impacts, pose a significant threat to critical infrastructure and public health. Health facilities (HFs), given their heightened vulnerability to this natural hazard, require robust preparedness measures and effective mitigation strategies. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies that systematically address mitigation strategies for floods in HFs. The aim of this research was to systematically identify and evaluate various strategies for flood mitigation to HFs.
A systematic review was conducted by searching the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The search strategy included relevant keywords related to floods and HFs, combined using Boolean operators (AND, OR), and covered the period from 2000 to 2024. Thematic content analysis was used for data synthesis. The review process followed the PRISMA guidelines, and the quality of the included studies was assessed using the STROBE checklist.
Out of an initial pool of 1,270 articles, 11 high-quality studies were included in the final analysis. The flood hazard mitigation strategies in HFs were analyzed 8 main categories and 24 subcategories. The main categories included infrastructure management, knowledge enhancement, awareness, performance, resource provision, technology and communication, social participation, planning, risk assessment, and psychosocial support.
In this systematic review, 8 main categories and 24 subcategories of flood mitigation strategies for HFs were identified. The findings highlight the need for a multifaceted approach including engineering, managerial, social, and technological interventions to strengthen health system resilience. These insights provide a foundation for improving flood mitigation and preparedness in HFs, especially in disaster-prone regions.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12873-025-01339-0.
洪水因其广泛的直接和间接影响，对关键基础设施和公众健康构成重大威胁。鉴于卫生设施（HFs）对这种自然灾害的脆弱性加剧，需要强有力的防范措施和有效的缓解策略。然而，缺乏系统研究卫生设施洪水缓解策略的综合性研究。本研究的目的是系统识别和评估卫生设施洪水缓解的各种策略。
通过检索PubMed、Scopus、科学网和谷歌学术数据库进行系统综述。检索策略包括与洪水和卫生设施相关的关键词，使用布尔运算符（AND、OR）组合，涵盖2000年至2024年期间。采用主题内容分析法进行数据综合。综述过程遵循PRISMA指南，使用STROBE清单评估纳入研究的质量。
在最初的1270篇文章中，最终分析纳入了11项高质量研究。卫生设施的洪水灾害缓解策略分为8个主要类别和24个子类别。主要类别包括基础设施管理、知识增强、意识、绩效、资源提供、技术与通信、社会参与、规划、风险评估和心理社会支持。
在本系统综述中，确定了卫生设施洪水缓解策略的8个主要类别和24个子类别。研究结果强调需要采取多方面方法，包括工程、管理、社会和技术干预措施，以增强卫生系统的复原力。这些见解为改善卫生设施的洪水缓解和防范工作提供了基础，特别是在易受灾地区。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s12873-025-01339-0获取的补充材料。
