Ghanei Gheshlagh Reza, Ebrahimi Hamideh, Masih Sarfraz, Asmat Kainat, Sharafi Simin
Nursing Department, Biruni University, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey.
Lahore School of Nursing, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
BMC Nurs. 2025 Sep 1;24(1):1147. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03812-4.
Needlestick injuries (NSIs) pose a serious occupational risk to healthcare workers. In Pakistan, nurses and nursing students are especially vulnerable, with potential exposure to infections such as HIV and hepatitis B/C. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of NSIs in these groups using data from observational studies conducted across the country.
A systematic search was conducted in Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2000 and 2025. Observational studies reporting NSI prevalence among nurses and nursing students in Pakistan were included. Quality assessment was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model due to high heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and publication bias assessment were also performed.
A total of 25 studies with 27 reports were included. The pooled prevalence of NSIs was 48% (95% CI: 35–61%) among nurses and 43% (95% CI: 31–54%) among nursing students. Significant regional differences were found in NSI prevalence among nurses ( = 0.04) and nursing students ( = 0.025) across Sindh, Punjab, and other provinces. Meta-regression showed a significant increase in NSI prevalence among students over time ( = 0.003), with publication bias detected ( = 0.001). The Trim-and-Fill method adjusted the prevalence from 42.8 to 40.4%.
This meta-analysis provides an estimate of NSI prevalence among nurses and nursing students in Pakistan. The findings highlight the need for effective preventive measures and further research to address the high prevalence of NSIs.
Not applicable.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12912-025-03812-4.
针刺伤对医护人员构成严重的职业风险。在巴基斯坦，护士和护理专业学生尤其易受影响，有可能接触到艾滋病毒和乙型/丙型肝炎等感染源。本荟萃分析旨在利用在该国开展的观察性研究数据，估算这些群体中针刺伤的发生率。
在Medline、EMBASE、CINAHL、Scopus和Web of Science数据库中进行系统检索，查找2000年至2025年期间发表的研究。纳入报告巴基斯坦护士和护理专业学生针刺伤发生率的观察性研究。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）工具进行质量评估。由于异质性较高，采用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。还进行了亚组分析、荟萃回归和发表偏倚评估。
共纳入25项研究的27份报告。护士中针刺伤的合并发生率为48%（95%置信区间：35–61%），护理专业学生中为43%（95%置信区间：31–54%）。在信德省、旁遮普省和其他省份，护士（P = 0.04）和护理专业学生（P = 0.025）的针刺伤发生率存在显著的地区差异。荟萃回归显示，学生中针刺伤的发生率随时间显著增加（P = 0.003），检测到存在发表偏倚（P = 0.001）。Trim-and-Fill方法将发生率从42.8%调整至40.4%。
本荟萃分析提供了巴基斯坦护士和护理专业学生针刺伤发生率的估算值。研究结果凸显了采取有效预防措施以及开展进一步研究以应对针刺伤高发生率问题的必要性。
不适用。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s12912-025-03812-4获取的补充材料。
