Wei Bo, Chen Yiheng, Xu Yan, Tang Cheng, Li Xuxiang, Jin Chengzhe, Wang Liming
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Cartilage Regeneration Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Mater Today Bio. 2025 Aug 12;34:102173. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102173. eCollection 2025 Oct.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cell-derived (BMSCs and chondrocytes) extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds incorporating bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) on cartilage regeneration, and to determine whether BMAC-loaded BMSCs-derived (BM-d) ECM scaffolds were comparable to chondrocytes-derived (Ch-d) ECM scaffolds in terms of cartilage regeneration. In this study, BMSCs and chondrocytes were harvested and isolated, then developed into BM-d and Ch-d ECM scaffolds. The scaffolds were fully immersed in BMAC and subsequently utilized for inducing chondrogenic differentiation in vitro and cartilage regeneration in vivo. The in vitro results demonstrated that chondrogenesis was effectively promoted, accompanied by scaffold biodegradation, in both BM-d and Ch-d ECM groups as culture progressed over time. The ex vivo results, obtained using nude mice, showed that cartilage-like appearance gradually developed and cartilage matrix accumulation gradually increased in both groups over time. However, more significant calcium deposition was observed in the BM-d ECM group as time progressed. After 12 weeks of in vivo cartilage repair, white and smooth cartilage-like tissues had formed in the defect areas of both ECM groups. The regenerated tissues in both ECM groups fully integrated with the surrounding host tissues and exhibited higher mechanical properties compared to those in the microfracture group. Moreover, the in vivo histological and biochemical results indicated that more hyaline-like cartilage regenerated in both ECM groups, whereas more fibrocartilage formed in the microfracture group. In summary, our results suggest that BM-d and Ch-d ECM scaffolds loaded with BMAC can effectively promote cartilage regeneration both in vitro and in vivo, with BM-d ECM scaffolds being comparable to Ch-d ECM scaffolds.
本研究旨在评估包含骨髓抽吸浓缩物（BMAC）的细胞来源（骨髓间充质干细胞和软骨细胞）细胞外基质（ECM）支架对软骨再生的影响，并确定负载BMAC的骨髓间充质干细胞来源（BM-d）ECM支架在软骨再生方面是否与软骨细胞来源（Ch-d）ECM支架相当。在本研究中，采集并分离了骨髓间充质干细胞和软骨细胞，然后将其制成BM-d和Ch-d ECM支架。将支架完全浸入BMAC中，随后用于体外诱导软骨形成分化和体内软骨再生。体外结果表明，随着培养时间的延长，BM-d和Ch-d ECM组均有效促进了软骨形成，并伴有支架生物降解。使用裸鼠获得的体外结果表明，随着时间的推移，两组均逐渐出现软骨样外观，软骨基质积累逐渐增加。然而，随着时间的推移，在BM-d ECM组中观察到更明显的钙沉积。体内软骨修复12周后,两个ECM组的缺损区域均形成了白色、光滑的软骨样组织。两个ECM组的再生组织均与周围宿主组织完全整合，并且与微骨折组相比表现出更高的力学性能。此外，体内组织学和生化结果表明，两个ECM组均再生出更多的透明软骨样组织，而微骨折组形成了更多的纤维软骨。总之，我们的结果表明，负载BMAC的BM-d和Ch-d ECM支架可在体外和体内有效促进软骨再生，BM-d ECM支架与Ch-d ECM支架相当。
