Carvalho Leandro S
University of Southern California, Center for Economic and Social Research, 635 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089-3332.
J Polit Econ Microecon. 2025 Aug;3(3). doi: 10.1086/732835. Epub 2025 Jul 16.
Does genetics influence one's economic prospects? I exploit randomness in the genetic transmission from parents to offspring to estimate causal genetic effects. The genetic measure is the polygenic index (PGI) for educational attainment. High-PGI individuals have higher incomes, largely because of their schooling and occupational choices: They get more education and sort into better-paying occupations. Genetics seems to drive individual differences in the marginal benefits and costs of schooling. The evidence fluid intelligence and self-control partly mediate the relationship between the PGI and education. Genetic effects are economically meaningful, comparable in size to effects of family environment.
基因会影响一个人的经济前景吗？我利用父母与子女之间基因传递的随机性来估计基因的因果效应。基因测量指标是教育成就的多基因指数（PGI）。高PGI的个体收入更高，这主要是由于他们的受教育程度和职业选择：他们接受了更多教育，并进入了收入更高的职业。基因似乎导致了个体在上学的边际收益和成本方面的差异。有证据表明，流体智力和自我控制在一定程度上调节了PGI与教育之间的关系。基因效应在经济上具有重要意义，其大小与家庭环境的影响相当。
