Prapti Bushra Benta Rahman, Ahmmed Md Tanjir, Proma Nishita Ghosh, Aunu Durratul Zanan, Shampa Shumia Islam, Rahman Aminur, Islam Md Shafiqul, Siddique Mahbubul Pratik
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
One Health. 2025 Aug 18;21:101170. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101170. eCollection 2025 Dec.
Fuchka, a popular street food across Bangladesh and the Indian subcontinent, poses potential public health risk due to substandard hygienic practice during preparation and handling. This study evaluated the microbiological quality of and its associated components and identified food-borne bacteria with their antibiogram profiles within a One Health framework. 60 samples including fuchka, salad, hand wash, and dish wash water were collected from street vendors, shop, and restaurants within the Mymensingh City Corporation area (4 samples × 15 sites). Microbiological assessments included total viable count, total coliform count, and total staphylococcal count. Isolates were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF-MS), and antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined. The highest bacterial load was found in shop-based samples (10.5 ± 4.7 log CFU/g) while the lowest was in restaurant hand wash. Statistically significant differences were observed in TCC and TSC ( ≤ 0.05) across categories, with restaurant samples showing the lowest levels. In total 123 bacterial isolates were recovered, predominately (24.4 %), followed by spp., , spp., and . Resistance to amoxicillin was observed in 100 % of Gram-negative isolates. Multidrug resistance was identified in 90 % of , 57 % of , 50 % of spp., and 8.7 % of spp., with no MDR detected in . The MAR index ranged from 0.1 to 0.6. These findings highlight urgent public health concerns and emphasize the need for integrated food safety strategies under the One Health approach.
富查（Fuchka）是孟加拉国和印度次大陆流行的街头食品，由于制备和处理过程中的卫生标准不达标，存在潜在的公共卫生风险。本研究在“同一健康”框架内评估了富查及其相关成分的微生物质量，并确定了食源细菌及其抗菌谱。从迈门辛市公司区域内的街头小贩、商店和餐馆收集了60份样本，包括富查、沙拉、洗手水和洗碗水（4个样本×15个地点）。微生物学评估包括总活菌数、总大肠菌群数和总葡萄球菌数。使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）和基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-ToF-MS）鉴定分离株，并确定抗生素敏感性谱。基于商店的富查样本中细菌载量最高（10.5±4.7 log CFU/g），而餐馆洗手水中细菌载量最低。不同类别之间的总大肠菌群数（TCC）和总葡萄球菌数（TSC）存在统计学显著差异（P≤0.05），餐馆样本中的水平最低。共回收了123株细菌分离株，主要是金黄色葡萄球菌（24.4%），其次是大肠埃希菌属、肺炎克雷伯菌、肠杆菌属和铜绿假单胞菌。100%的革兰氏阴性分离株对阿莫西林耐药。90%的金黄色葡萄球菌、57%的大肠埃希菌、50%的肠杆菌属和8.7%的铜绿假单胞菌鉴定为多重耐药，而肺炎克雷伯菌未检测到多重耐药。多重耐药性（MAR）指数范围为0.1至0.6。这些发现突出了紧迫的公共卫生问题，并强调了在“同一健康”方法下采取综合食品安全策略的必要性。
