Mohammed Altaib Abdel Razik, Alghonemy Wafaa Yahia, Sarhan Naglaa I, Abdal-Hay Abdalla, Saleh Reda Gaber
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, South Valley University, Egypt.
Basic Dental Sciences Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, PO Box 2000, Zarqa, 13110, Jordan.
J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2025 Nov-Dec;15(6):1279-1290. doi: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.08.009. Epub 2025 Aug 16.
Biodegradable magnesium-based implants present significant potential for maxillofacial applications, particularly in mandible fixation, due to their osteoconductive properties and elimination of secondary removal surgeries.
The present study aimed to assess the in vivo biocompatibility and degradation behavior of pure magnesium (Mg) and Mg-Zn-Ca alloy plates implanted in the mandibles of New Zealand rabbits, providing insights into their clinical viability.
Twenty-four male New Zealand White rabbits were divided into two groups and received titanium, pure Mg, and Mg-Zn-Ca alloy plates passively implanted into the mandibular bone surface. Animals were evaluated histologically and radiographically at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively.
Histomorphologic analysis demonstrated that all implants showed clinical stability throughout the observation period. While no signs of inflammation were observed in the pure Ti and pure Mg groups, the Mg-Zn-Ca alloy group exhibited moderate to severe inflammatory cell infiltration at 4 weeks and localized bone resorption at 8 weeks, as confirmed histologically. Remarkably, new bone formation was observed surrounding the Mg implants, with no evidence of fibrous capsule development. Mg-Zn-Ca biodegradation had no adverse systemic effects as the histological evaluations using H&E staining of major organs revealed no significant abnormalities.
Mg-based materials show promise for maxillofacial fixation applications due to their osteogenic potential and biodegradability. However, the observed inflammatory responses and soft tissue effects highlight the need for further optimization of alloy composition and degradation control before clinical translation.
由于其骨传导特性以及无需二次取出手术，可生物降解的镁基植入物在颌面应用中具有巨大潜力，尤其适用于下颌骨固定。
本研究旨在评估植入新西兰兔下颌骨的纯镁（Mg）和Mg-Zn-Ca合金板的体内生物相容性和降解行为，为其临床可行性提供见解。
将24只雄性新西兰白兔分为两组，分别被动植入钛板、纯镁板和Mg-Zn-Ca合金板至下颌骨表面。术后4周和8周对动物进行组织学和影像学评估。
组织形态学分析表明，在整个观察期内所有植入物均显示出临床稳定性。虽然在纯钛和纯镁组中未观察到炎症迹象，但组织学证实，Mg-Zn-Ca合金组在4周时出现中度至重度炎性细胞浸润，8周时出现局部骨吸收。值得注意的是，在镁植入物周围观察到新骨形成，且没有纤维囊形成的证据。Mg-Zn-Ca的生物降解没有产生不良的全身影响，因为对主要器官进行苏木精-伊红染色的组织学评估未发现明显异常。
镁基材料因其成骨潜力和生物可降解性在颌面固定应用中显示出前景。然而，观察到的炎症反应和软组织影响突出表明，在临床转化之前需要进一步优化合金成分和控制降解。
