Association Between Calcium Phosphate Product and Carotid Intimal Medial Thickness in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Chronic kidney disease has been found to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) is a commonly used surrogate marker for assessing atherosclerosis. Recent interest has emerged in exploring the potential of calcium phosphate product (Ca x Pi) as an alternative or adjunct in evaluating cardiovascular risk in these patients. This study aimed to find the correlation between Ca x Pi and CIMT in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Thumbay Hospital New Life, Hyderabad, from January 2020 to December 2020. Fifty patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (stages 3 and above) were included after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum Ca x Pi levels were measured along with CIMT using carotid ultrasound. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the correlation between Ca x Pi and CIMT. Results The mean Ca x Pi was 44.8±11, and the mean CIMT was 1.68±0.47 mm. A positive correlation was found between Ca x Pi and CIMT (p = 0.03), while serum phosphorus showed a strong correlation with CIMT (p < 0.01). Conclusion Ca x Pi shows promise as a surrogate marker for assessing cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease, alongside CIMT. Further research, including larger longitudinal studies, is warranted to validate these findings and explore the utility of Ca x Pi in clinical practice.