Sunitha Morupuri, Mohan Thota K, Vineela Gottumukkala, Aneesha Naga Sai, Chowdary Navya K, Srikanth Kura
Department of Prosthodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, IND.
Department of Periodontics, Meghna Institute of Dental Sciences, Nizamabad, IND.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 29;17(7):e88994. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88994. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Soft tissue thickness may play a role in the success of dental implants by influencing factors such as bone health and implant stability. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mucosal thickness on crestal bone levels and implant stability in patients with platform-switched abutments. The objectives were to measure bleeding on probing (BOP), implant stability, and changes in crestal bone levels in thin and thick mucosal environments over six months post-prosthetic loading.
This prospective study included 20 partially edentulous patients divided into two groups: Group 1 (thin mucosa, <1 mm) and Group 2 (thick mucosa, 1-2 mm). Mucosal thickness was measured using a Mani K-file no. 20 (Mani, Utsunomiya, Japan). Two-piece titanium implants (3.7 mm diameter, 10 mm length, Alpha Bio, Petah Tikva, Israel) were placed using a surgical stent and sequential drilling with a physiodispenser (W&H, Bürmoos, Austria). Implant stability was assessed by resonance frequency analysis using an Osstell device (Osstell AB, Göteborg, Sweden). Crestal bone levels were measured using intraoral periapical radiographs with an X-ray grid. Platform-switched (PS) abutments were placed at three months, followed by screw-retained metal ceramic crowns. Clinical parameters (BOP, mucosal thickness, implant stability, and crestal bone levels) were evaluated at baseline, three months during the second surgery, and six months post-prosthetic loading. Data were analyzed using parametric and nonparametric tests with significance set at p < 0.05.
The thick mucosa group exhibited significantly less crestal bone loss and higher implant stability at six months than the thin mucosa group (p < 0.05). BOP was absent in both groups of patients. Mucosal thickness remained stable, with significant differences between groups at all time points (p = 0.001). Implant stability improved over time in both groups (p = 0.001).
PS abutments promoted favorable peri-implant outcomes, with thicker mucosa associated with reduced crestal bone loss and enhanced stability, highlighting the role of mucosal thickness in optimizing implant success.
软组织厚度可能通过影响骨健康和种植体稳定性等因素，对牙种植体的成功产生影响。本研究旨在评估平台转换基台患者中黏膜厚度对嵴顶骨水平和种植体稳定性的影响。目标是在修复体加载后六个月内，测量薄黏膜和厚黏膜环境中的探诊出血（BOP）、种植体稳定性以及嵴顶骨水平的变化。
这项前瞻性研究纳入了20名部分牙列缺损患者，分为两组：第1组（薄黏膜，<1mm）和第2组（厚黏膜，1 - 2mm）。使用Mani 20号K锉（日本宇都宫市Mani公司）测量黏膜厚度。使用手术导板和生理分散器（奥地利布尔穆斯市W&H公司）进行顺序钻孔，植入两件式钛种植体（直径3.7mm，长度10mm，以色列佩塔提克瓦市Alpha Bio公司）。使用Osstell装置（瑞典哥德堡市Osstell AB公司）通过共振频率分析评估种植体稳定性。使用带有X射线格栅的口腔根尖片测量嵴顶骨水平。在三个月时放置平台转换（PS）基台，随后安装螺丝固位的金属陶瓷冠。在基线、第二次手术时的三个月以及修复体加载后六个月评估临床参数（BOP、黏膜厚度、种植体稳定性和嵴顶骨水平）。使用参数检验和非参数检验分析数据，显著性设定为p < 0.05。
厚黏膜组在六个月时显示出比薄黏膜组明显更少的嵴顶骨吸收和更高的种植体稳定性（p < 0.05）。两组患者均无探诊出血。黏膜厚度保持稳定，各时间点两组间存在显著差异（p = 0.001）。两组的种植体稳定性均随时间改善（p = 0.001）。
PS基台促进了良好的种植体周围结果，较厚的黏膜与减少的嵴顶骨吸收和增强的稳定性相关，突出了黏膜厚度在优化种植体成功方面的作用。
