Gu Wenhui, Wang Guohua, Zhang Haifeng, Yu Yinxian
Department of Physiology and Hypoxic Biomedicine, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine Nantong University Nantong China.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China.
Aging Med (Milton). 2025 Jul 18;8(4):356-369. doi: 10.1002/agm2.70027. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Tendons have a special makeup and set of physiological characteristics that make it difficult for them to mend themselves after damage. Aged tendons are more prone to injury, and wounded tendons will also age faster than usual. This creates a vicious cycle that might cause an injured tendon to reach surgery standards earlier than necessary or cause a re-injury after surgery. Nowadays, the utilization of appropriate medications and exercise is the mainstay of tendon aging treatment. Due to their high potential for differentiation, tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) have drawn the attention of an increasing number of studies. The mechanism of tendon aging is outlined in this review, along with how it is caused by oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, inflammation, cell apoptosis, fatty infiltration, and its relationship to TSPCs. The goal of this review was to investigate the mechanism of aging and identify related treatment strategies that can effectively prevent further deterioration, slow down tendon aging, and minimize the risk of tendon re-injury following surgery.
肌腱具有特殊的组成结构和一系列生理特性，这使得它们在受损后难以自我修复。老化的肌腱更容易受伤，而且受伤的肌腱也会比正常情况老化得更快。这就形成了一个恶性循环，可能导致受伤的肌腱比必要时更早达到手术标准，或者在手术后再次受伤。如今，使用适当的药物和锻炼是肌腱老化治疗的主要方法。由于肌腱干/祖细胞（TSPCs）具有高度的分化潜力，越来越多的研究开始关注它们。本综述概述了肌腱老化的机制，以及它是如何由氧化应激、高血糖、炎症、细胞凋亡、脂肪浸润引起的，及其与TSPCs的关系。本综述的目的是研究老化机制，并确定相关的治疗策略，以有效防止病情进一步恶化，减缓肌腱老化，并将手术后肌腱再次受伤的风险降至最低。
