沙特阿拉伯宫颈癌风险与高危型人乳头瘤病毒类型分布：一项基于全国实验室研究的趋势

Cervical cancer risk and high-risk HPV types distribution in Saudi Arabia: Trends from a national laboratory-based study.

作者信息

Banjer Hamsa J, Tayeb Hossam H, Alzahrani Khalid J, Alsufiani Salha M, Alrowaihi Jamal M

机构信息

From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (Banjer, Alzahrani), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Department of Histopathology (Alsufiani), King Faisal Medical Complex, Taif. From the Nanomedicine Unit (Tayeb), Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. From the Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences (Tayeb), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. From the Department of Pathology (Alrowaihi), Al Borg Medical Laboratories, Al Borg Diagnostics, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Saudi Med J. 2025 Sep;46(9):992-999. doi: 10.15537/smj.2025.46.9.20250266.

DOI:10.15537/smj.2025.46.9.20250266

PMID:40897414

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12441902/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To examine the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes, regional trends, and cytological abnormalities in Saudi Arabia. The findings aim to inform effective cervical cancer prevention strategies. High-risk HPV infections is the leading cause of cervical cancer.

METHODS

A retrospective, national laboratory-based study was conducted between 2016 and 2024, analyzing 9,096 medical records. Of these patients, 6,005 underwent co-testing of HPV DNA and cytology-based screening, and 3,091 underwent only cytology-based screening. The HPV genotype distribution, temporal trends, and geographic variations were evaluated.

RESULTS

The HPV positivity rate was 13.84%, with HPV-16 accounting for 25.11% and HPV-18 for 7.55% of cases, while 67.34% of the infections were due to other high-risk strains. The HPV positivity peaked in the 30-39 age group (44.9%) and increased from 5.62% in 2016 to 13.33% in 2024. Jeddah (33.7%) and Riyadh (32.25%) had the highest HPV positivity rates. Among the evaluated cytology samples, 13.41% had precancerous lesions, and 0.64% had cancerous lesions. Notably, 19.37% of HPV-positive cases had normal cytological profiles, reinforcing the importance of co-testing HPV DNA and cytology tests.

CONCLUSION

This study reveals significant age and regional disparities in HPV prevalence in Saudi Arabia, with a predominance of non-16/18 genotypes. Broad vaccine coverage, genotype surveillance, and regionally adapted screening strategies are essential to reduce cervical cancer burden.

摘要

目的

研究沙特阿拉伯人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）基因型的分布、区域趋势以及细胞学异常情况。研究结果旨在为有效的宫颈癌预防策略提供依据。高危型HPV感染是宫颈癌的主要病因。

方法

于2016年至2024年开展了一项基于全国实验室的回顾性研究，分析了9096份病历。其中，6005例患者同时接受了HPV DNA检测和基于细胞学的筛查，3091例患者仅接受了基于细胞学的筛查。评估了HPV基因型分布、时间趋势和地理差异。

结果

HPV阳性率为13.84%，其中HPV-16占病例的25.11%，HPV-18占7.55%，而67.34%的感染是由其他高危毒株引起的。HPV阳性率在30-39岁年龄组达到峰值（44.9%），并从2016年的5.62%增至2024年的13.33%。吉达（33.7%）和利雅得（32.25%）的HPV阳性率最高。在评估的细胞学样本中，13.41%有癌前病变，0,64%有癌变病变。值得注意的是，19.37%的HPV阳性病例细胞学检查结果正常，这凸显了同时进行HPV DNA检测和细胞学检查的重要性。