Jin Kai-Qi, Sun Tian-Cai, Zhou Zi-Xing, Li Jing-Du, Zhao Yi, Fan Wen-Ting, Yan Jing, Huang Guo-You, Huang Wei-Hua, Liu Yan-Ling
College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
College of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Sep 2;16(1):8203. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-63623-8.
Mechanical cues are critical regulators of cell fate and behavior through the orchestrated and continual conversion of physical forces into biochemical responses. However, due to the poor compatibility between mechanical and biochemical techniques, existing methods are often limited in characterizing the occurring biochemical signals during mechanical stimulation. Herein, this work presents a magneto-responsive nanomesh (MRnM) biosensor capable of mechanically stimulating cells in vitro and tissues in vivo and simultaneously detecting the triggered biomolecules. Under external magnetic fields, the sensor exhibits excellent magnetic responsiveness with remote, controllable and tailored deformation, while maintaining prominent and stable electrochemical sensing performance. As a proof of concept, this MRnM sensor achieves the magnetically-actuated deformation of osteoblasts and real-time monitoring of the ensuing nitric oxide release, revealing the role of Piezo1 channels in nitric oxide synthase signaling pathways. Furthermore, we demonstrate the capability of MRnM sensor for in vivo applications. Ultimately, the developed MRnM biosensor holds great potential for mechanical stimulation and real-time monitoring of various biological systems, ranging from living cells to soft tissues and in vivo organs.
机械信号通过将物理力精心且持续地转化为生化反应，成为细胞命运和行为的关键调节因子。然而，由于机械技术和生化技术之间兼容性较差，现有方法在表征机械刺激过程中发生的生化信号时往往受到限制。在此，本研究展示了一种磁响应纳米网（MRnM）生物传感器，它能够在体外对细胞进行机械刺激，在体内对组织进行机械刺激，同时检测触发的生物分子。在外部磁场作用下，该传感器表现出优异的磁响应性，具有远程、可控和定制的变形能力，同时保持卓越且稳定的电化学传感性能。作为概念验证，这种MRnM传感器实现了对成骨细胞的磁驱动变形，并实时监测随之而来的一氧化氮释放，揭示了Piezo1通道在一氧化氮合酶信号通路中的作用。此外，我们展示了MRnM传感器在体内应用的能力。最终，所开发的MRnM生物传感器在对从活细胞到软组织和体内器官等各种生物系统进行机械刺激和实时监测方面具有巨大潜力。
