Novitasari Putri Rachma, Nuraisyah Fatma, Hikmawan Baso Didik, Ahmad Islamudin, Djannah Sitti Nur
Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Faculty of Public Health Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2025 Jul-Sep;16(3):119-124. doi: 10.4103/JAPTR.JAPTR_398_24. Epub 2025 Aug 9.
Diabetic wounds are chronic complications in patients with diabetes mellitus characterized by an elongated proliferation period, leading to a longer wound closure time. The lack of topical remedies for diabetic wounds necessitates the development of formulations that effectively facilitate closure. Kratom () leaves, containing polyphenolic compounds, have the potential to be developed into a film spray suitable for diabetic wound closure. This study aims to develop a film-spray formula of kratom leaves extracted using natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) and to investigate its wound healing activity on type I diabetic rats. Polyphenol-rich NADES extracts were formulated with a film-forming base in concentrations of 2%, 3%, and 4% v/v. The sprays were assessed for pH, viscosity, drying time, and organoleptic properties and evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing wound diameter on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. All formulated sprays exhibited watery form, dark orange, and odor characteristics of kratom extract, and the stability test showed that no separation was observed. The wound healing activity evaluation revealed that the film spray containing 4% of kratom NADES extract on day 21 demonstrated significant healing effects on type I diabetic rats, including a reduction in wound diameter (83.99 ± 12.02%), a decrease in neutrophil cell count, and an increase in epithelial tissue thickness. Kratom NADES extract film-forming spray (4%) has the potential to shorten the closure time of diabetic wounds.
糖尿病伤口是糖尿病患者的慢性并发症，其特征是增殖期延长，导致伤口愈合时间更长。由于缺乏针对糖尿病伤口的局部治疗方法，因此需要开发能够有效促进伤口愈合的制剂。含有多酚类化合物的 kratom（）叶有潜力被开发成适合糖尿病伤口愈合的薄膜喷雾剂。本研究旨在开发一种使用天然深共熔溶剂（NADES）提取的 kratom 叶薄膜喷雾配方，并研究其对 I 型糖尿病大鼠的伤口愈合活性。将富含多酚的 NADES 提取物与成膜基质以 2%、3%和 4%（v/v）的浓度配制。对喷雾剂进行 pH 值、粘度、干燥时间和感官特性评估，并评估其对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠伤口直径减小的有效性。所有配制的喷雾剂均呈现 kratom 提取物的水样形态、深橙色和气味特征，稳定性测试表明未观察到分离现象。伤口愈合活性评估显示，在第 21 天含有 4% kratom NADES 提取物的薄膜喷雾剂对 I 型糖尿病大鼠具有显著的愈合效果，包括伤口直径减小（83.99±12.02%）、中性粒细胞计数减少以及上皮组织厚度增加。Kratom NADES 提取物成膜喷雾剂（4%）有潜力缩短糖尿病伤口的愈合时间。
