Bratisl Lek Listy. 2023;124(12):896-902. doi: 10.4149/BLL_2023_142.
The term kratom is commonly used for both Mitragyna speciosa and herbal products prepared mainly from leaves. Kratom is well known as a drug that can serve as a less toxic and less-addictive pain-relieving substitute for opium, as well as a therapy for hypertension, cough, and diarrhea. Its major alkaloid, mitragynine, also deserves concern. However, most people use kratom as a psychological stimulant, which carries a risk of addiction associated with negative social and health impacts. This paper reviews basic facts about kratom and its potential use in pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacokinetics of its major alkaloid mitragynine (Tab. 3, Fig. 1, Ref. 87). Keywords: 7-hydroxymitragynine; alkaloid; anesthetics; antitussive; drug; mitragynine; Mitragyna speciosa; addictive substance; opioid receptor.
术语“ kratom”通常用于指代 Mitragyna speciosa 和主要由叶子制成的草药产品。 kratom 作为一种药物广为人知，它可以作为一种毒性较小、成瘾性较低的鸦片类止痛药的替代品，也可以用于治疗高血压、咳嗽和腹泻。其主要生物碱，即 mitragynine，也值得关注。然而，大多数人将 kratom 用作心理刺激物，这可能会导致成瘾，从而带来负面的社会和健康影响。本文综述了关于 kratom 的基本事实及其在药理学、药代动力学和主要生物碱 mitragynine 药代动力学方面的潜在用途（表 3、图 1、参考文献 87）。关键词：7-羟基 mitragynine；生物碱；麻醉剂；镇咳药；药物；mitragynine；Mitragyna speciosa；成瘾物质；阿片受体。
