Li Zhong, Jin Xingxing, Zhang Meng, Wang Hongxia, Liu Wangyi, Wang Beiran, Wu Baolin, Li Xuekun
Department of Magnetic Resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Neurol. 2025 Aug 18;16:1618408. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1618408. eCollection 2025.
Neuroimaging studies have identified brain structural and functional alterations in HIV-infected patients; however, the results are inconsistent. This study aimed to characterize the effects of HIV infection on regional gray matter volume (GMV) and resting-state brain activity, and to further investigate the relations between abnormalities in these two modalities. We conducted voxel-wise meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and functional studies, respectively, to identify regional GMV and brain activity alterations in HIV-infected patients. Multimodal analysis was performed to examine the overlap of regional GMV and brain activity alterations. Meta-regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential effects of clinical variables. Eleven whole-brain VBM studies and eight resting-state functional studies were included. HIV-infected patients showed structural abnormalities alone in the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex, bilateral calcarine cortex and left amygdala, and had functional abnormalities alone in the left middle frontal gyrus, left parahippocampal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus and visual cortices. No conjoint brain structural and functional abnormalities were identified. This study characterized dissociated brain structural and functional alterations in HIV-infected patients from a perspective of multimodal meta-analysis, which may provide new insights into the neurobiology of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment.
神经影像学研究已确定了HIV感染患者的脑结构和功能改变；然而，结果并不一致。本研究旨在描述HIV感染对局部灰质体积（GMV）和静息态脑活动的影响，并进一步探究这两种模式异常之间的关系。我们分别对基于体素的形态学测量（VBM）和功能研究进行了体素水平的荟萃分析，以确定HIV感染患者的局部GMV和脑活动改变。进行多模态分析以检查局部GMV和脑活动改变的重叠情况。进行荟萃回归分析以评估临床变量的潜在影响。纳入了11项全脑VBM研究和8项静息态功能研究。HIV感染患者仅在双侧内侧前额叶皮质/前扣带回皮质、双侧距状皮质和左侧杏仁核出现结构异常，仅在左侧额中回、左侧海马旁回、左侧颞上回和视觉皮质出现功能异常。未发现联合的脑结构和功能异常。本研究从多模态荟萃分析的角度描述了HIV感染患者分离的脑结构和功能改变，这可能为HIV相关神经认知障碍的神经生物学提供新的见解。
