Knechtle Beat, Leite Luciano Bernardes, Duric Sasa, Cuk Ivan, Andrade Marilia S, Scheer Volker, Nikolaidis Pantelis T, Weiss Katja, Rosemann Thomas, Forte Pedro
Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
PLoS One. 2025 Sep 3;20(9):e0331563. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0331563. eCollection 2025.
Pacing in ultra-triathlon has been investigated by analyzing lap times from Double to Deca Iron ultra-triathlon for World Cup races but not for a World Championship. The present study aimed to investigate pacing in ultra-triathletes competing in the fastest and largest World Championship in Quintuple Iron ultra-triathlon ever held in history.
A total of 11 female and 24 male finishers who completed the 2024 Quintuple Ultra Triathlon World Championship in Colmar, France, were analyzed. Independent t-tests assessed sex-based performance variations with effect sizes (Cohen's d). A two-way ANOVA evaluated the effects of sex and performance quartiles on cycling and running, with eta squared (η²) used to measure effect sizes.
Overall, men were slower in swimming and cycling and faster in running and overall race time. The variability in lap times was similar in cycling for both women and men but higher in running for women. There was a significant interaction between sex and performance quartiles in cycling but not running. For cycling, the variability in performance was higher in men compared to women; for running, it was similar for both women and men.
The finding that women outperformed men in swimming and cycling, likely due to the elite nature of the World Championship, which featured a highly selected and committed female cohort with a high completion rate. While both sexes showed consistent pacing in cycling, women exhibited greater variability in running, possibly due to more frequent breaks.
通过分析世界杯赛事中双倍铁人三项到十项铁人三项的圈速来研究超长距离铁人三项的配速情况，但尚未针对世界锦标赛进行过此类研究。本研究旨在调查参加历史上举办的最快且规模最大的五倍铁人三项世界锦标赛的超长距离铁人三项运动员的配速情况。
对在法国科尔马完成2024年五倍超长距离铁人三项世界锦标赛的11名女性和24名男性完赛者进行了分析。独立t检验评估了基于性别的成绩差异及效应量（科恩d值）。双向方差分析评估了性别和成绩四分位数对骑行和跑步的影响，使用偏 eta 平方（η²）来衡量效应量。
总体而言，男性在游泳和骑行项目中速度较慢，在跑步和总比赛时间上速度较快。女性和男性在骑行项目中的圈速变异性相似，但女性在跑步项目中的圈速变异性更高。在骑行项目中，性别和成绩四分位数之间存在显著交互作用，但在跑步项目中不存在。对于骑行，男性的成绩变异性高于女性；对于跑步，女性和男性的成绩变异性相似。
研究发现女性在游泳和骑行项目中表现优于男性，这可能归因于世界锦标赛的精英性质，该赛事有经过高度选拔且投入度高、完赛率高的女性参赛者群体。虽然男女在骑行中都表现出一致的配速，但女性在跑步中的变异性更大，可能是由于休息更频繁。
