Genowska Agnieszka, Zarębska-Michaluk Dorota, Brzdęk Michał, Tyszko Piotr, Strukcinskiene Birute, Paradowska-Stankiewicz Iwona, Rzymski Piotr, Flisiak Robert
Department of Public Health, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.
Clin Exp Hepatol. 2025 Jun;11(2):137-146. doi: 10.5114/ceh.2025.151703. Epub 2025 Jun 26.
To analyze long-term epidemiological patterns and trends in the burden of infection and mortality due to viral hepatitis in Poland before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Data for the burden of the most common viral hepatitis types (HAV, HBV ±HDV, HCV, and HEV) over 2009-2023 were extracted from the national registries in Poland. The joinpoint regression model was used to analyze trends in viral hepatitis infections and mortality.
The burden of viral hepatitis infection and mortality in Poland changed between 2009 and 2023. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the trend of newly diagnosed HAV infection was characterized by a sharp increase over 2015-2018 compared to the other types of hepatitis. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the burden of infection and mortality among most types of hepatitis showed a change in the direction of the trend from negative to positive, which continued in subsequent years. A pronounced increasing trend for both infection and mortality occurred in the category of other viral hepatitis. Over the whole period of 2009-2023, there was only one decreasing trend for mortality due to HBV infection.
The findings of the study draw attention to the noticeable impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the burden of viral hepatitis in Poland, which threatens to disrupt the beneficial direction of virus elimination. Trends of viral hepatitis infection and mortality require further monitoring. It is also necessary to increase preventive measures and improve access to diagnostics and the linkage to health care.
分析波兰在新冠疫情之前及期间，病毒性肝炎感染负担和死亡率的长期流行病学模式及趋势。
从波兰国家登记处提取2009 - 2023年最常见病毒性肝炎类型（甲型肝炎病毒、乙型肝炎病毒±丁型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和戊型肝炎病毒）的负担数据。采用连接点回归模型分析病毒性肝炎感染和死亡率的趋势。
2009年至2023年期间，波兰病毒性肝炎感染负担和死亡率发生了变化。在新冠疫情之前，与其他类型肝炎相比，2015 - 2018年期间新诊断甲型肝炎病毒感染呈急剧上升趋势。在新冠疫情初期，大多数肝炎类型的感染和死亡率负担趋势方向从负变正，并在随后几年持续。其他病毒性肝炎类别中感染和死亡率均呈现明显上升趋势。在2009 - 2023年整个期间，乙型肝炎病毒感染导致的死亡率仅出现一次下降趋势。
该研究结果提醒人们注意新冠疫情对波兰病毒性肝炎负担产生的显著影响，这可能会扰乱病毒消除的有益方向。病毒性肝炎感染和死亡率趋势需要进一步监测。还必须加强预防措施，改善诊断可及性以及与医疗保健的联系。
