Liu Siyuan, Zhu Hanji, Wang Jianhua, Zhang Famou, Zhang Shengmao, Zhang Heng
Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China.
College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Aug 1;14(8):968. doi: 10.3390/biology14080968.
As economically important sympatric species in the Northwest Pacific, the Japanese sardine () and Chub mackerel () exhibit significant biological interactions. Understanding the impact of interspecies competition on their habitat dynamics can provide crucial insights for the sustainable development and management of these interconnected species resources. This study utilizes fisheries data of and from the Northwest Pacific, collected from June to November between 2017 and 2020. We integrated various environmental parameters, including temperature at different depths (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 m), eddy kinetic energy (EKE), sea surface height (SSH), chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), and the oceanic Niño index (ONI), to construct interspecific competition species distribution model (icSDM) for both species. We validated these models by overlaying the predicted habitats with fisheries data from 2021 and performing cross-validation to assess the models' reliability. Furthermore, we conducted correlation analyses of the habitats of these two species to evaluate the impact of interspecies relationships on their habitat dynamics. The results indicate that, compared to single-species habitat models, the interspecific competition species distribution model (icSDM) for these two species exhibit a significantly higher explanatory power, with values increasing by up to 0.29; interspecific competition significantly influences the habitat dynamics of and , strengthening the correlation between their habitat changes. This relationship exhibits a positive correlation at specific stages, with the highest correlations observed in June, July, and October, at 0.81, 0.80, and 0.88, respectively; interspecific competition also demonstrates stage-specific differences in its impact on the habitat dynamics of and , with the most pronounced differences occurring in August and November. Compared to , interspecific competition is more beneficial for the expansion of the optimal habitat (HIS ≥ 0.6) for and, to some extent, inhibits the habitat expansion of . The variation in migratory routes and predatory interactions (with larger individuals of preying on smaller individuals of ) likely constitutes the primary factors contributing to these observed differences.
作为西北太平洋地区具有重要经济意义的同域物种，日本沙丁鱼（）和鲐鱼（）表现出显著的生物相互作用。了解种间竞争对其栖息地动态的影响，可为这些相互关联的物种资源的可持续开发和管理提供关键见解。本研究利用了2017年至2020年6月至11月期间从西北太平洋收集的日本沙丁鱼和鲐鱼的渔业数据。我们整合了各种环境参数，包括不同深度（0、50、100、150和200米）的温度、涡动动能（EKE）、海面高度（SSH）、叶绿素a浓度（Chl-a）和海洋尼诺指数（ONI），为这两个物种构建种间竞争物种分布模型（icSDM）。我们通过将预测栖息地与2021年的渔业数据进行叠加，并进行交叉验证以评估模型的可靠性，对这些模型进行了验证。此外，我们对这两个物种的栖息地进行了相关性分析，以评估种间关系对其栖息地动态的影响。结果表明，与单物种栖息地模型相比，这两个物种的种间竞争物种分布模型（icSDM）具有显著更高的解释力，值增加高达0.29；种间竞争显著影响日本沙丁鱼和鲐鱼的栖息地动态，加强了它们栖息地变化之间的相关性。这种关系在特定阶段呈现正相关，在6月、7月和10月观察到的相关性最高，分别为0.81、0.80和0.88；种间竞争对日本沙丁鱼和鲐鱼栖息地动态的影响也表现出阶段特异性差异，最明显的差异出现在8月和11月。与鲐鱼相比，种间竞争对日本沙丁鱼适宜栖息地（HIS≥0.6）的扩展更有利，并且在一定程度上抑制了鲐鱼的栖息地扩展。洄游路线的变化和捕食相互作用（较大的鲐鱼个体捕食较小的日本沙丁鱼个体）可能是造成这些观察到的差异的主要因素。
