玩还是不玩？社会隔离时长和刺激大鼠熟悉度对三种实验大鼠品系社交玩耍参与度的影响
To Play or Not to Play? Effects of Social Isolation Length and Stimulus Rat Familiarity on Social Play Engagement in Three Laboratory Rat Strains.
作者信息
Orsucci Isabella C, Becker Kira D, Ham Jackson R, Lee Jessica D A, Bowden Samantha M, Veenema Alexa H
机构信息
Neurobiology of Social Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Current address: Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
Neurobiology of Social Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
出版信息
Physiol Behav. 2025 Sep 2:115080. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115080.
Social play is displayed by juveniles of many mammalian species and is vital to the development of social skills as shown in humans and rats. Here, we determined how two external conditions, social isolation length and social stimulus familiarity, modulate social play levels (by the experimental animals) and social play defense tactics (by the stimulus animals) in juveniles of three common laboratory rat strains: Long-Evans, Sprague-Dawley, and Wistar. Experimental rats were socially isolated for either 2h or 48h and were then exposed in their home cage to a familiar (cage mate) or novel sex-, age-, and strain-matched stimulus rat. We found that Long-Evans rats played more with familiar than with novel rats, irrespective of time isolated, Sprague-Dawley rats played the most in the 48h-Familiar condition, and Wistar rats played the least in the 2h-Familiar condition. Moreover, Wistar rats played more with novel rats than Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats. Among the defense tactics analyzed, Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley stimulus rats showed more counter nape attacks with familiar than with novel rats, Sprague-Dawley stimulus rats also showed more counter nape attacks after a 2h versus 48h isolation while Wistar rats showed more counter nape attacks after a 48h versus 2h isolation. The effects of the external conditions on social play levels and defense tactics were similar across sex for the three strains. Overall, more social play and more counter nape attacks were observed with a familiar playmate in Long-Evans rats, with a familiar playmate and 48h isolation (social play) or 2h isolation (counter nape attacks) in Sprague-Dawley rats, and with a familiar or novel playmate after 48h isolation in Wistar rats. Future research could determine whether strain differences in neuronal mechanisms underlie these condition-induced variations in social play engagement.
许多哺乳动物的幼崽都会表现出社交玩耍行为，并且对社交技能的发展至关重要，这在人类和大鼠中都得到了证实。在此，我们研究了两个外部条件，即社会隔离时长和社会刺激熟悉度，如何调节三种常见实验大鼠品系（Long-Evans、Sprague-Dawley和Wistar）幼崽的社交玩耍水平（由实验动物表现）和社交玩耍防御策略（由刺激动物表现）。将实验大鼠进行2小时或48小时的社会隔离，然后在其饲养笼中让它们接触熟悉的（同笼伙伴）或新的性别、年龄和品系匹配的刺激大鼠。我们发现，无论隔离时间长短，Long-Evans大鼠与熟悉的大鼠玩耍的时间都比与新的大鼠玩耍的时间长；Sprague-Dawley大鼠在48小时熟悉条件下玩耍最多；Wistar大鼠在2小时熟悉条件下玩耍最少。此外，Wistar大鼠与新的大鼠玩耍的时间比Long-Evans和Sprague-Dawley大鼠更多。在所分析的防御策略中，Long-Evans和Sprague-Dawley刺激大鼠对熟悉的大鼠比新的大鼠表现出更多的反颈背攻击；Sprague-Dawley刺激大鼠在隔离2小时后比48小时后表现出更多的反颈背攻击，而Wistar大鼠在隔离48小时后比2小时后表现出更多的反颈背攻击。对于这三个品系，外部条件对社交玩耍水平和防御策略的影响在性别上相似。总体而言，Long-Evans大鼠与熟悉的玩伴玩耍更多、反颈背攻击更多；Sprague-Dawley大鼠在有熟悉的玩伴且隔离48小时（社交玩耍）或2小时（反颈背攻击）时玩耍更多；Wistar大鼠在隔离48小时后与熟悉或新的玩伴玩耍更多。未来的研究可以确定神经元机制的品系差异是否是这些条件诱导的社交玩耍参与变化的基础。
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