Pongkulkiat Patnarin, Foocharoen Chingching, Onchan Tippawan, Suwannaroj Siraphop, Mahakkanukrauh Ajanee
Department of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Nai Mueang, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Nai Mueang, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Lupus Sci Med. 2025 Sep 4;12(2):e001621. doi: 10.1136/lupus-2025-001621.
SLE is an autoimmune disease that varies across ethnic populations and the regions that cause economic burdens, but nationwide epidemiological data for Thailand are lacking.
To estimate the incidence and prevalence of SLE in Thailand between 2017 and 2020.
A retrospective cohort study used the Information and Communication Technology Center, Ministry of Public Health, covering all major healthcare insurance systems (nearly 90% of hospitals, about 80% of the Thai population). Adults (≥18 years) with a primary diagnosis of SLE (International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision code M32) were included. Point and period prevalence (per 100 000 population) and annual incidence rates (per 100 000 person-years) were calculated overall and stratified by year, age, sex and region, with 95% CIs.
In 2017, 55 956 prevalent cases were identified among 65 204 797 of the total Thai population, yielding a point prevalence of 85.8/100 000 (95 % CI 85.1 to 86.5). Prevalence was highest in women (152.9 vs 15.9/100 000; female-to-male ratio 9.6:1), in the 40-49 year age group (128.3/100 000) and in the southern region (178.5/100 000). From 2018 to 2020, incident SLE cases numbered 15 403, 16 243 and 15 925, corresponding to annual incidence rates of 23.6, 24.8 and 24.3/100 000 person-years, and the cumulative incidence for the 3 years was 72.7/100 000 person-years (95 % CI 72.0 to 73.4). Incidence peaked at ages 40-49 in 2019 (33.7/100 000) and was consistently highest in the south (60.0, 53.9 and 57.3/100 000 person-years in 2018-2020).
SLE is relatively common in Thailand, particularly among women of reproductive age and residents of the southern region. These nationwide data support SLE service planning in Thailand and may guide resource allocation in other Southeast Asian health systems expanding universal coverage.
系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）是一种自身免疫性疾病，在不同种族人群和地区存在差异，会造成经济负担，但泰国缺乏全国性的流行病学数据。
估计2017年至2020年泰国SLE的发病率和患病率。
一项回顾性队列研究使用了公共卫生部信息通信技术中心的数据，涵盖所有主要医疗保险系统（近90%的医院，约80%的泰国人口）。纳入初次诊断为SLE（国际疾病分类第10版代码M32）的成年人（≥18岁）。计算总体及按年份、年龄、性别和地区分层的时点患病率和期间患病率（每10万人）以及年发病率（每10万人年），并给出95%置信区间。
2017年，在泰国总人口65204797人中识别出55956例现患病例，时点患病率为85.8/10万（95%置信区间85.1至86.5）。患病率在女性中最高（152.9对15.9/10万；女性与男性比例为9.6:1），在40 - 49岁年龄组（128.3/10万）和南部地区（178.5/10万）最高。2018年至2020年，SLE新发病例数分别为15403例、16243例和15925例，相应的年发病率分别为23.6、24.8和24.3/10万人年，3年累计发病率为72.7/10万人年（95%置信区间72.0至73.4）。发病率在2019年40 - 49岁时达到峰值（33.7/10万），且在南部地区一直最高（2018 - 2020年分别为60.0、53.9和57.3/10万人年）。
SLE在泰国相对常见，尤其是在育龄期女性和南部地区居民中。这些全国性数据支持泰国的SLE服务规划，并可能指导其他扩大全民覆盖的东南亚卫生系统的资源分配。
