Harati Parisa Ghadiri, Hosseini Seyed Majid, Javaheri Atiyeh, Manshadi Farideh Dehghan, Baghban Alireza Akbarzadeh
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 2025 Sep 5;22(3):257-265. doi: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2025.22470.
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common issue during pregnancy. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) may offer an effective solution for managing this condition. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PFMT on reducing UI symptoms in pregnant women.
This study was conducted on 40 UI pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 40 UI pregnant women without GDM. The participants in the experimental group were treated for 10 weeks in the third trimester, whereas the control groups received an educational pamphlet. Quality of life and UI severity were assessed using questionnaires, and pelvic floor muscle performance was measured through ultrasound-based bladder base displacement. Assessments were performed before treatment, after 10 weeks, and 2 weeks postpartum.
In the non-diabetic group, significant reductions in UI symptoms were observed at the end of the third trimester and 2 weeks postpartum [adjusted difference -7.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) -10.62 to -4.49, p<0.001]. However, in the diabetic group, a reduction was noted, but it was not statistically significant. Additionally, the intervention positively impacted quality of life in the non-diabetic group (adjusted difference 30.8, 95% CI 17.6 to 44.1, p<0.001) but not in the diabetic group. Notably, no significant improvement in pelvic floor muscle performance was observed in either group.
This study suggests that PFMT can be more effective than routine pamphlets in reducing UI symptoms and improving the quality of life in pregnant women, both with and without GDM. Further research is needed to explore effects on pelvic floor muscle performance.
尿失禁（UI）是孕期常见问题。盆底肌训练（PFMT）可能为管理该病症提供有效解决方案。本研究旨在评估PFMT对减轻孕妇尿失禁症状的效果。
本研究对40名患有妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的尿失禁孕妇和40名未患GDM的尿失禁孕妇进行。实验组参与者在孕晚期接受了10周治疗，而对照组收到一份教育手册。使用问卷评估生活质量和尿失禁严重程度，并通过基于超声的膀胱底部位移测量盆底肌功能。在治疗前、10周后和产后2周进行评估。
在非糖尿病组中，孕晚期结束时和产后2周观察到尿失禁症状显著减轻[调整差异-7.56，95%置信区间（CI）-10.62至-4.49，p<0.001]。然而，在糖尿病组中，虽有减轻但无统计学意义。此外，干预对非糖尿病组的生活质量有积极影响（调整差异30.8，95%CI 17.6至44.1，p<0.001），但对糖尿病组无影响。值得注意的是，两组盆底肌功能均未观察到显著改善。
本研究表明，PFMT在减轻有或无GDM的孕妇尿失禁症状及改善生活质量方面可能比常规手册更有效。需要进一步研究以探索其对盆底肌功能的影响。
