Ferraro Bartolo, Buela Alvarado Cristina Alejandra, Mink Jonas, Weckbach Ludwig T
Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig- Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Aug 20;16:1643056. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1643056. eCollection 2025.
Exercise intensity plays a critical role in influencing immune responses during myocarditis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the cardiac tissue. Based on preclinical and clinical evidence, this review examines how moderate high-intensity training affects immune activation in myocarditis. Studies involving animals suggest that moderate exercise may reduce inflammation and support immune regulation, while high-intensity training often exacerbates pro-inflammatory responses and worsens cardiac injury. Limited clinical data support these findings, indicating that moderate exercise could be safe or even beneficial in stable cases, whereas high-intensity exercise poses risks, particularly during active disease. Understanding these contrasting effects is essential for developing exercise recommendations for patients with myocarditis, balancing the need for recovery with immune safety. Further research is necessary to identify optimal exercise strategies for this vulnerable population.
运动强度在影响心肌炎（一种以心脏组织炎症为特征的病症）期间的免疫反应方面起着关键作用。基于临床前和临床证据，本综述探讨了中度和高强度训练如何影响心肌炎中的免疫激活。涉及动物的研究表明，适度运动可能会减轻炎症并支持免疫调节，而高强度训练往往会加剧促炎反应并加重心脏损伤。有限的临床数据支持这些发现，表明适度运动在病情稳定的情况下可能是安全的甚至有益的，而高强度运动则存在风险，尤其是在疾病活动期。了解这些相反的影响对于为心肌炎患者制定运动建议、平衡恢复需求与免疫安全性至关重要。有必要进行进一步研究，以确定针对这一脆弱人群的最佳运动策略。
