Huang Yan-Dan, Zeng Shu-Long, Lin Jie, Mao Zhi-Peng, Zhang Qi-Liang, Feng Gao-Zhong, Ou Qiong-Xia
Department of Pediatrics, Yongtai County Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Fujian Children's Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Aug 20;13:1654482. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1654482. eCollection 2025.
To investigate parents' understanding and attitudes toward the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in pediatric healthcare.
An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using an questionnaire. Between February and April 2025, 200 family members of children receiving care at our hospital voluntarily participated in the study. Inclusion criteria included being a family member of a child treated at the hospital. Exclusion criteria were an inability to understand the questionnaire and incomplete responses. The AI applications referenced by respondents primarily included large language models such as ChatGPT, DeepSeek, and Kimi, among others. The questionnaire consisted of two sections: demographic information, and attitudes toward the use of AI in pediatric healthcare. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 25.0). Quantitative variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation, and categorical variables using frequencies and percentages. Group comparisons were performed using chi-square test and t-test (-value < 0.05).
A total of 185 participants completed the questionnaire. Participants who were unaware of AI applications in pediatric healthcare were more likely to be older, have lower educational levels, and reside in rural areas. The majority of respondents (71.2%) believed that the information provided by AI was partially accurate, while 6.9% considered it partially inaccurate. Regarding perceived benefits, 74% identified convenience as the main advantage of AI in pediatric care, followed by 41.1% who cited high diagnostic efficiency. Key concerns included perceived inaccuracy and the potential for misdiagnosis (52%), as well as uncertainty regarding accountability in the event of an error (44.5%). Most participants (91.1%) believed that AI cannot replace doctors in the future.
Although most parents were aware of the use of AI in pediatric healthcare and recognized its convenience and efficiency, they expressed concerns about accuracy, accountability, and data privacy. A notable lack of awareness was observed among older individuals, those with lower levels of education, and residents of rural areas.
调查家长对人工智能（AI）在儿科医疗保健中应用的理解和态度。
采用问卷调查进行一项观察性横断面研究。2025年2月至4月期间，在我院接受治疗的200名儿童的家庭成员自愿参与了该研究。纳入标准包括是在我院接受治疗儿童的家庭成员。排除标准为无法理解问卷和回答不完整。受访者提及的人工智能应用主要包括ChatGPT、豆包和智元机器等大语言模型。问卷由两部分组成：人口统计学信息，以及对人工智能在儿科医疗保健中使用的态度。使用SPSS（25.0版）对数据进行分析。定量变量以均值和标准差表示，分类变量以频率和百分比表示。采用卡方检验和t检验进行组间比较（P值<0.05）。
共有185名参与者完成了问卷。不了解人工智能在儿科医疗保健中应用的参与者更有可能年龄较大、教育水平较低且居住在农村地区。大多数受访者（71.2%）认为人工智能提供的信息部分准确，而6.9%的受访者认为部分不准确。关于感知到的好处，74%的人认为方便是人工智能在儿科护理中的主要优势，其次是41.1%的人提到诊断效率高。主要担忧包括感知到的不准确和误诊可能性（52%），以及错误发生时责任归属的不确定性（44.5%）。大多数参与者（91.1%）认为人工智能未来无法取代医生。
尽管大多数家长了解人工智能在儿科医疗保健中的应用，并认识到其便利性和效率，但他们对准确性、责任归属和数据隐私表示担忧。在老年人、教育水平较低的人和农村地区居民中，明显缺乏相关认知。
