Stidham Ralph A, Jimenez José M, Mabila Sithembile L
Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance, U.S. Army Public Health Command, West.
Department of Health and Business Administration, Army-Baylor Graduate Program, U.S. Army Medical School of Excellence, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston.
MSMR. 2025 Aug 20;32(8):3-8.
This study characterizes all medically diagnosed bites and stings in active component service members (ACSMs) from snakes, venomous fish, other venomous marine animals, arthropods, and insects identified through an evaluation of medical data from the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS). Incident trends were determined from 2008 through 2023, and incidence rates (IRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated. In total, there were 42,552 venomous bite and sting medical encounters among 39,201 ACSMs, resulting in an IR of 19.3 cases per 10,000 person-years (p-yrs) during the surveillance period. Most cases occurred in men ages 20-34 years, non-Hispanic White individuals, Army service members, and junior enlisted ranks. IRs were elevated in female (25.0 per 10,000 p-yrs), youngest (<20 years, 24.5 per 10,000 p-yrs), and Coast Guard or U.S. Public Health Service (23.4 per 10,000 p-yrs) ACSMs. Arthropods were the primary source (75.0%) of stings and bites. IRR calculations suggest that women had a 37.0% higher risk than men. These study findings demonstrate the continuing susceptibility of ACSMs to venomous encounters and the importance of targeted prevention strategies, training, and comprehensive medical support to maintain force readiness. Venomous bites and stings are a persistent health concern for active component service members. Arthropods are the most common culprit, but risks vary by sex, age, and military occupation. This report also reveals that younger service members and women are disproportionately affected.
本研究对现役军人（ACSMs）中所有经医学诊断的蛇、有毒鱼类、其他有毒海洋动物、节肢动物和昆虫叮咬及蜇伤进行了特征描述，这些数据来自对国防医疗监测系统（DMSS）医疗数据的评估。确定了2008年至2023年的事件趋势，并计算了发病率（IRs）和发病率比（IRRs）。在39201名现役军人中，共有42552次有毒叮咬及蜇伤的医疗就诊，在监测期内发病率为每10000人年19.3例。大多数病例发生在20 - 34岁的男性、非西班牙裔白人、陆军军人以及初级入伍军衔人员中。女性（每10000人年25.0例）、最年轻者（<20岁，每10000人年24.5例）以及海岸警卫队或美国公共卫生服务部门的现役军人（每10000人年23.4例）的发病率有所升高。节肢动物是叮咬及蜇伤的主要来源（75.0%）。发病率比计算表明，女性比男性的风险高37.0%。这些研究结果表明现役军人持续容易遭遇有毒情况，以及针对性预防策略、培训和全面医疗支持对于维持部队战备状态的重要性。有毒叮咬及蜇伤仍是现役军人持续面临的健康问题。节肢动物是最常见的罪魁祸首，但风险因性别、年龄和军事职业而异。本报告还显示，年轻军人和女性受到的影响尤为严重。
