精液代谢组学特征与杜洛克公猪的精液质量及年龄相关差异有关。

Seminal plasma metabolomic profiles are associated with semen quality and age-related differences in Duroc boars.

作者信息

Yamsrikaew Unchean, Settachaimongkon Sarn, Ruampatana Jakavat, Mekboonsonglarp Wanwimon, Nuntapaitoon Morakot

机构信息

Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.

Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.

出版信息

Theriogenology. 2025 Sep 2;249:117664. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117664.

DOI:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117664

PMID:40914136

Abstract

Boar semen quality and age are vital for successful fertility management in the swine industry. Understanding how seminal plasma (SP) metabolites vary with semen quality and age is essential for optimizing breeding strategies. This study aimed to determine whether SP metabolite profiles and semen quality are associated with Duroc boar age. A total of 58 ejaculates were collected from 38 Duroc boars and categorized via semen quality into the following categories: GOOD (≥75 % motility and ≥75 % normal morphology, n = 29) and POOR (<75 % motility and <75 % normal morphology, n = 29). Ejaculates were also classified by boar age as follows: YOUNG (8-18 months, n = 15), ADULT (19-36 months, n = 24), and OLD (37-48 months, n = 19). On average, boar age was 26.2 ± 11.3 months. YOUNG boars (343.2 × 10 sperm/mL) had a higher sperm concentration than ADULT boars (285.6 × 10 sperm/mL, P = 0.016) but did not differ compared to OLD boars (297.3 × 10 sperm/mL, P = 0.062). In ADULT boars, the sperm concentration was higher in GOOD compared to POOR quality (327.4 vs. 243.8 × 10 sperm/mL, P = 0.002). Similarly, OLD boars with GOOD quality showed higher sperm concentration than POOR quality sample (348.6 vs. 245.9 × 10 sperm/mL, P = 0.002), whereas no significant difference was observed in YOUNG boars (P = 0.782). Metabolomic analysis revealed differences in SP metabolite profiles related to semen quality and age. From a total of 50 identified metabolites, 17 showed significantly higher concentrations in GOOD quality sperm (P < 0.05). Age-related interactions revealed that OLD boars with GOOD semen quality had enriched levels of several metabolites, including aspartate, valine, and tryptophan, which are associated with hormonal regulation, energy metabolism, and antioxidant defense, suggesting potential biomarkers for sustained fertility. These findings indicate that SP metabolite profiling could serve as a biomarker-based tool to support semen quality assessments and optimize boar culling strategies, ultimately enhancing reproductive efficiency and extending boar longevity.

摘要

公猪精液质量和年龄对于养猪业成功的繁殖管理至关重要。了解精浆（SP）代谢产物如何随精液质量和年龄变化对于优化育种策略至关重要。本研究旨在确定SP代谢产物谱和精液质量是否与杜洛克公猪年龄相关。从38头杜洛克公猪收集了总共58份射精样本，并根据精液质量分为以下几类：优质（活力≥75%且正常形态≥75%，n = 29）和劣质（活力<75%且正常形态<75%，n = 29）。射精样本也按公猪年龄分类如下：年轻（8 - 18个月，n = 15）、成年（19 - 36个月，n = 24）和年老（37 - 48个月，n = 19）。公猪平均年龄为26.2±11.3个月。年轻公猪（343.2×10⁶精子/mL）的精子浓度高于成年公猪（285.6×10⁶精子/mL，P = 0.016），但与年老公猪（297.3×10⁶精子/mL，P = 0.062）相比无差异。在成年公猪中，优质精液的精子浓度高于劣质精液（327.4对243.8×10⁶精子/mL，P = 0.002）。同样，优质年老公猪的精子浓度高于劣质样本（348.6对245.9×10⁶精子/mL，P = 0.002），而年轻公猪中未观察到显著差异（P = 0.782）。代谢组学分析揭示了与精液质量和年龄相关的SP代谢产物谱差异。在总共50种已鉴定的代谢产物中，17种在优质精子中的浓度显著更高（P < 0.05）。与年龄相关的相互作用表明，精液质量良好的年老公猪几种代谢产物水平升高，包括天冬氨酸、缬氨酸和色氨酸，这些与激素调节、能量代谢和抗氧化防御相关，提示可能是维持生育力的潜在生物标志物。这些发现表明，SP代谢产物谱分析可作为一种基于生物标志物的工具，以支持精液质量评估并优化公猪淘汰策略，最终提高繁殖效率并延长公猪寿命。