Costa Flavia de Fatima, Lustosa Bruno Paulo Rodrigues, Perico Camila Pereira, Belmonte-Lopes Ricardo, Carvalho João Lucas Vitório Ribeiro, Razzolini Emanuel L, Santos Germana Davila Dos, Lima Bruna Jacomel Favoreto de Souza, Souza-Motta Cristina Maria de, Raittz Roberto Tadeu, Song Yinggai, Selbmann Laura, de Hoog G Sybren, Meis Jacques, Vicente Vania Aparecida
Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, SEPT, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Applied to Bioinformatics, SEPT, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Fungal Biol. 2025 Oct;129(6):101618. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101618. Epub 2025 Jun 14.
Lichens exemplify a unique symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria, where fungi (mycobionts) provide structural support, while algae or cyanobacteria (photobionts) provide nutrients. Recent discoveries in the order Chaetothyriales have led to the description of several lichenicolous species, underscoring an intricate relationship of some black yeast-like fungi with lichens. The present study aims to investigate public metagenomic data of lichens available in the SRA database, covering a total of 2888 samples. The analysis incorporated 122 molecular marker sequences (barcodes and padlock probes) previously documented in the literature for species classified within Chaetothyriales. Additionally, 11 novel barcodes for species recently identified in lichens of the genera Cladophialophora and Paracladophialophora are described. The selected metagenomes were then compared with molecular marker sequences using local BLASTn (v2.6.0+), considering only alignments with a coverage cut-off and 100 % identity (perfect match). Reads from each sample were retrieved from the SRA as a multifasta file and analyzed with the SWeeP method for vector-based, alignment-free sequence analysis. The analysis identified fungi that are known as environmental inhabitants and, occasionally, opportunistic pathogens of vertebrates, including species in the genera Cladophialophora, Cyphellophora, and Exophiala. These species were distributed across 11 BioProjects from various locations around the world. The findings of this study corroborate extant knowledge concerning fungal colonization in diverse extremophilic environments, including deserts, tundra, and rocky surfaces.
地衣体现了真菌与藻类或蓝细菌之间独特的共生关系，其中真菌（菌共生体）提供结构支持，而藻类或蓝细菌（光共生体）提供营养。最近在座囊菌目中的发现导致了几种地衣寄生物种的描述，强调了一些黑色酵母样真菌与地衣之间的复杂关系。本研究旨在调查SRA数据库中可用的地衣公共宏基因组数据，共涵盖2888个样本。该分析纳入了先前文献中记录的122个分子标记序列（条形码和锁式探针），用于座囊菌目内分类的物种。此外，还描述了11个用于最近在枝孢瓶霉属和拟枝孢瓶霉属地衣中鉴定出的物种的新型条形码。然后使用局部BLASTn（v2.6.0+）将选定的宏基因组与分子标记序列进行比较，仅考虑具有覆盖截止值和100%同一性（完美匹配）的比对。从SRA中检索每个样本的读段作为多序列比对格式文件，并使用SWeeP方法进行基于载体的无比对序列分析。分析确定了已知为环境栖息者且偶尔为脊椎动物机会性病原体的真菌，包括枝孢瓶霉属、瓶霉属和外瓶霉属中的物种。这些物种分布在来自世界各地的11个生物项目中。本研究的结果证实了关于真菌在包括沙漠、冻原和岩石表面在内的各种极端环境中定殖的现有知识。
