The Prevalence of Epilepsy Among Patients With Alzheimer's Disease at the King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) and epilepsy are neurological conditions that can affect elderly individuals. The coexistence of these two conditions may lead to additional health challenges and negatively impact patient outcomes. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of epilepsy among patients with AD in Saudi Arabia and to explore factors associated with its occurrence. Methods A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, reviewing the records of patients with AD from 2016 to 2022. Patients with prior epilepsy or without a brain MRI were excluded. Data on demographics, comorbidities, medications, and imaging were analyzed. Results Among 385 patients (mean age 75.5 years) included in the study, epilepsy prevalence was 6%. Diabetes (82%), hypertension (78%), and hyperlipidemia (63%) were common but showed no significant association with epilepsy. Generalized brain atrophy was the most frequent MRI finding. Levetiracetam was the most prescribed antiepileptic drug (77%). Conclusion Epilepsy is more common among patients with AD than in the general population. Early recognition and management are crucial. Further research is needed to understand the risk factors and improve outcomes.