Molgora Sara, Bonazza Federica, Barbieri Carones Maurizio, Ferrazzi Enrico Maria, Ford Elizabeth
Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Largo Gemelli 1, Milan 20123, Italy.
Family Studies and Research University Centre, Catholic University of Milan, Largo Gemelli 1, Milan 20123, Italy.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X. 2025 Aug 22;27:100424. doi: 10.1016/j.eurox.2025.100424. eCollection 2025 Sep.
This study aims to develop an Italian version of the Support and Control in Birth (SCIB) and to test its reliability and validity.
The sample included 414 post-partum women, who were recruited 24/48 h after giving birth. A study-specific online questionnaire was designed to collect sociodemographic information and administer the translated Italian version of the SCIB. The construct validity of the Italian SCIB was first analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Based on metrics showing a poor fit, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was then executed. The reliability of the instrument was verified through Cronbach's alpha for each subscale and the total scale and test-retest correlation coefficient.
CFA was performed to test the original three-factor theoretical model; however, the CFA solution showed a poor fit. Specifically, χ2 = 2100, df= 492, p < 0.001, RMSEA = 0.0888 (0.085 - 0.0928), and CFI = 0.45. The theoretical model did not adequately fit the observed data. Thus, EFA was conducted; it yielded a six-factor structure. The six factors were named: Support: healthcare professionals' guidance; Support: healthcare professionals' presence; External control: control over medical procedures; External control: control over the informational process; Internal control: control over emotional and physical reactions; Internal control: control over pain. These factors replicate the originals dimensions, each divided into two further subfactors.
Findings enhance knowledge about childbirth by cross-culturally adapting an instrument to assess perceptions of control and support, fundamental factors in birth experience. SCIB could help health professionals to monitor women's childbirth experiences and introduce tailored interventions.
本研究旨在开发意大利语版的分娩支持与控制量表（SCIB），并测试其信效度。
样本包括414名产后妇女，她们在分娩后24/48小时被招募。设计了一项针对该研究的在线问卷，以收集社会人口学信息并施测翻译后的意大利语版SCIB。首先使用验证性因子分析（CFA）分析意大利语版SCIB的结构效度。基于显示拟合不佳的指标，随后进行探索性因子分析（EFA）。通过计算每个子量表和总量表的克朗巴哈系数以及重测相关系数来验证该工具的信度。
进行CFA以检验原始的三因素理论模型；然而，CFA结果显示拟合不佳。具体而言，χ2 = 2100，df = 492，p < 0.001，RMSEA = 0.0888（0.085 - 0.0928），CFI = 0.45。该理论模型不能充分拟合观察数据。因此，进行了EFA；它产生了一个六因素结构。这六个因素分别命名为：支持：医护人员的指导；支持：医护人员的在场；外部控制：对医疗程序的控制；外部控制：对信息过程的控制；内部控制：对情绪和身体反应的控制；内部控制：对疼痛的控制。这些因素重复了原始维度，每个维度又进一步分为两个子因素。
研究结果通过跨文化改编一种工具来评估控制和支持的感知，这是分娩体验中的基本因素，从而增进了对分娩的认识。SCIB可以帮助卫生专业人员监测妇女的分娩体验并引入量身定制的干预措施。
