Impact of pulmonary hypertension dynamics and residual mitral regurgitation shortly after M-TEER on long-term outcomes: insights from a prospective registry.

BACKGROUND

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) often coexists in patients undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair procedure (M-TEER). Its pre-procedural severity is considered a negative prognostic marker. Whether the post-procedural PH resulting from M-TEER can also serve as a long-term prognostic marker is unknown.

AIMS

To evaluate the influence of residual mitral regurgitation (MR) and the role of PH dynamics on long-term outcome after M-TEER.

METHODS

A total of 226 patients from a single-centre prospective registry who underwent M-TEER with MitraClips between 2010 and 2022 were analysed. Patients were categorised into four phenotype groups based on a combination of post-procedural MR severity (≤ 2.5 vs. ≥ 3) and change in PH (stable/improved vs. worsened). Primary endpoints were survival, time to first heart failure hospitalisation (HFH) and a composite of both.

RESULTS

Overall, 86.3% of patients had severe MR and 59.7% had PH at baseline, while 75.7% had MR ≤ 2.5 and 57.5% had no residual PH after M-TEER on discharge echocardiography. Baseline PH severity did not significantly influence outcomes, but its dynamics did (stable/improved vs. worsening; median survival 63 vs. 38 months, time to HFH 74 vs. 44 months, and time to composite endpoint 49 vs. 26 months, all p < 0.05). Patients who achieved mild/moderate MR with stable/improved PH (81.0%) showed the best results across all endpoints (median survival 58 months, p = 0.027; time to HFH 74 months, p = 0.004; time to composite endpoint 50 months, p = 0.008). The groups with worsening PH after M-TEER had the worst outcomes, regardless of the degree of MR.

CONCLUSION

Assessment of pH dynamics shortly after M-TEER proved to be a valuable predictor of long-term outcome. Its combination with the post-procedural level of MR can easily identify patients at low or high risk of subsequent adverse outcomes.