Surzenko Natalia, Dominique Ashley, Hanania Taleen, Osborne Melville, El-Khodor Bassem F
Nutrition Innovation Center, Standard Process Inc., Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America.
PsychoGenics, Inc., Paramus, New Jersey, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2025 Sep 9;20(9):e0331813. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0331813. eCollection 2025.
Polyamines (PAs), including spermidine, spermine and their precursor, putrescine, are ubiquitous molecules that are vital for a variety of physiological processes. Recently, PAs gained research attention because of their roles in promoting longevity and preventing age-related diseases. Circulating and tissue levels of PAs appear to decline with age, while higher intake of PAs in humans is correlated with better health during aging. Many foods, including plants and offal (organ meats), are good sources of dietary PAs, but are consumed much less in regions with prevailing Western diets. Elevating the circulating levels of PAs through dietary supplementation with PA-rich plant extracts or foods, on the other hand, has proven to be challenging, most likely due to their low bioavailability. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of nutritional supplements derived from bovine glandular tissues and/or plant material in elevating blood and tissue levels of spermidine, spermine and putrescine in adult rats. We detected appreciable amounts of PAs in the following materials: 1) spermidine-rich supplement (SRS), containing wheat germ, 2) a cytosolic fraction extract of bovine thymus gland (Thymus Cytosolic Fraction - TCF) and 3) a nuclear fraction extract of bovine thymus gland (Thymus Nuclear Fraction - TNF). We showed that all three PA-containing supplements also contain liposomes, with TNF displaying the largest amounts of liposomal PAs, as well as RNAs, among the tested supplements. We demonstrated that oral administration of SRS, TCF and TNF induce rapid changes in blood PA concentrations. Finally, we showed that TNF supplement is superior to SRS and TCF in elevating the levels of spermidine in the blood, liver and heart following a 28-day supplementation period. Considering the importance of PAs in prevention of age-related disease, supplementation with TNF could be a plausible approach towards the maintenance of proper cellular PA homeostasis during aging.
多胺（PAs），包括亚精胺、精胺及其前体腐胺，是普遍存在的分子，对多种生理过程至关重要。最近，多胺因其在促进长寿和预防与年龄相关疾病中的作用而受到研究关注。多胺的循环和组织水平似乎会随着年龄的增长而下降，而人类摄入较多的多胺与衰老过程中更好的健康状况相关。许多食物，包括植物和内脏（动物器官肉），都是膳食多胺的良好来源，但在以西方饮食为主的地区，这些食物的消费量要少得多。另一方面，通过补充富含多胺的植物提取物或食物来提高多胺的循环水平已被证明具有挑战性，这很可能是由于它们的生物利用度较低。在本研究中，我们评估了源自牛腺组织和/或植物材料的营养补充剂在提高成年大鼠血液和组织中亚精胺、精胺和腐胺水平方面的有效性。我们在以下材料中检测到了可观数量的多胺：1）富含亚精胺的补充剂（SRS），含有小麦胚芽；2）牛胸腺的胞质部分提取物（胸腺胞质部分 - TCF）；3）牛胸腺的核部分提取物（胸腺核部分 - TNF）。我们发现，所有三种含多胺的补充剂都含有脂质体，在所测试的补充剂中，TNF的脂质体多胺以及RNA含量最高。我们证明，口服SRS、TCF和TNF会导致血液中多胺浓度迅速变化。最后，我们表明，在为期28天的补充期后，TNF补充剂在提高血液、肝脏和心脏中亚精胺水平方面优于SRS和TCF。考虑到多胺在预防与年龄相关疾病中的重要性，补充TNF可能是在衰老过程中维持适当细胞多胺稳态的一种可行方法。
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